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  1. OVERCOMING NERVOUSNESS BEFORE EXAMS Ms. Arsha (D/o Dr. Nikhil & Smt. Devi) asked: My examinations begin tomorrow. How can I overcome my nervousness? Three Steps of Closeness with God Swami replied: O Learned and Devoted Servants of God! You must think that God Datta is always with you like your bodyguard to fight with the nervousness that attacks you and to protect you from it. Nervousness will surely be defeated by God Datta and it will run away. This is your close relationship with God. If you find the nervousness still attacking you, you should come closer to God by thinking that God is in you. This will almost certainly push away your nervousness because no thief dares to rob the house of the police officer. But if you still find that the nervousness persists, you should become closest to God by thinking that you are God Himself! Now, the nervousness has to run away and it dare not come even close to you since there is no worldly force that can attack the omnipotent God. The three steps of (1) being a close devotee of God, (2) being inseparable from God and (3) being identical with God, reflect the three Vedantic philosophies. These three philosophies were given by the three divine preachers, Śaṅkara, Rāmānuja and Madhva respectively. The first step is Dvaita, the philosophy of dualism of Madhva, in which the soul is separate from God even though closely associated. The second step is Viśiṣṭa Advaita or the special monism of Rāmānuja, in which the soul is like an inseparable limb of God. Rāmānuja explains this through the Śeṣa-Śeṣi Sambandha or the Whole-Part relationship. As per this concept, God is the Whole and the soul is its part. The third step is Advaita or the monism of Śaṅkara, in which both God and the soul merge with each other leaving no room for even the slightest duality between the two. Devotees of God can make use these three steps for any good purpose. The Effect and Cause of Nervousness The student has limited energy in the brain to think and do useful work. Nervousness consumes that limited energy to such an extent that hardly any energy remains to do useful work. As per the first law of thermodynamics, the energy supplied to a system is partly used in raising the system’s internal energy and only the rest is available for doing useful work. Nervousness is like the internal energy of the system. If all the energy supplied through food is used only in raising nervousness, there is no energy left for doing work. The situation will be like a computer with no electricity supplied to it. It has all the information stored on its hard disk but in the absence of electrical energy, no information can be displayed on the screen. When the student’s entire energy is consumed in the nervousness, there is no energy left to display the stored right answers in the brain and to write them on the answer script. The devoted student has prepared well for the examinations and the answers are properly stored in the brain. Studying hard and storing the answers in the brain is the duty of the student. But even when there is no deficiency in the student’s effort, the right answers do not come to the student’s mind. The student is not lacking the answers, but is lacking the energy necessary to display the answer in the brain since all the energy is consumed by the nervousness. What is the cause of this nervousness? The punishment of some sin attacks the student in the form of nervousness, even though the student had performed his or her duty of studying sincerely. The fruits of intense good and bad deeds attack the soul here itself (Atyutkaṭaiḥ pāpapuṇyaiḥ ihaiva phalamaśnute). The fruits of normal deeds are received by the soul in heaven and hell after death. However, if the soul is highly devoted to God, God will provide some chance for the soul to get reformed. Getting settled in life is essential before reformation. Getting a good education is a prerequisite for settlement in life. Passing examinations is like crossing important landmarks in one’s education. Souls who are not concerned about God, will be attacked by the fruits of their intense deeds in the form of nervousness. One should not blame God in this context because God is impartial in implementing the established rules of the divine constitution regarding the karma chakra or the cycle of deeds. But devotion to God is also a deed and this deed must also have its fruit as per the rule of deeds. Thus, the student suffers from nervousness as a punishment for his or her intense bad deeds. But as a result of his or her devotion, the student also receives help from God. Such help rendered by God to the devotee is justified based on the student’s devotion and hence it does not violate justice in the divine administration. The same three steps described by Me above were also preached by Jesus also through the following three statements: (1) I am in the Light. (2) The Light is in Me and (3) I am the Light. The first statement says that the divine preacher is a messenger of God. The second statement says that the divine preacher is the son of God. The third statement says that the divine messenger is God or the divine Father Himself. Jesus also said “I am the truth” which also indicates His identity with God. The first statement describes a high devotee who is close to God. This is Madhva’s dualism. The second statement describes an even higher devotee, which is Rāmānuja’s special monism. The third statement describes the case of the Human Incarnation of God, which is Śaṅkara’s monism. There is a fourth special stage of the highest devotee, who is even higher than the Human Incarnation. Due to the devotee’s exceptional devotion, God becomes a servant of that highest devotee! Assuming Monism Without Committing Sins In order to overcome nervousness while doing a good deed, a devotee can use any of these three steps. But the devotee should not exploit them to overcome nervousness while committing sin. Advaita philosophers claim that they are already God. Such a claim is not necessarily a sin. When the little son of a police officer holds a stick in his hand says that he is a police officer, the father, who is the police officer, smiles. He feels happy and is not angry with his son. If the son beats a real thief with the stick, the father becomes very happy saying that his son will certainly become a police officer in the future. But if the son beats an innocent person with the stick, the father becomes angry with his son. He takes away the stick from the son and slaps the son saying that he will never become a police officer and instead will become a thief! Hence, a devotee assuming monism with God for doing good deeds is recommendable. Simply, assuming monism without doing any deed is also enjoyable fun for God. But assuming monism for doing bad deeds must be avoided. Śaṅkara, in His monistic theory stated that the soul is the absolute truth or God and that the world is relatively true with respect to the soul. Through this concept of monism, He was encouraging souls to do good God-like deeds. But the relative truth of the world was misunderstood by some as its non-existence. Yet, Śaṅkara kept silent allowing people to conclude that the world is non-existent. The idea behind His silence was that when the world is said to be non-existent, the follower of monism would at least not have a strong desire to do bad deeds, even if there would be no desire to do good deeds either. Any deed in a non-existent world is also non-existent like an action done in a dream. A soul doing neither good deeds nor bad deeds would remain more or less inactive, assuming the world to be non-existent. At least such a person would not harm others. Thus, Śaṅkara allowed devotees to assume monism to encourage them to do good deeds and He allowed them to assume the non-existence of the world to at least prevent the soul from doing bad deeds. But He also warned any potential misusers of His concept of monism by saying that the punishment received for one’s sins must be also treated as non-existent! To demonstrate this concept, He swiftly ran away to escape from an elephant rushing towards Him. When questioned by the followers as to why He was running away from a non-existent elephant, He replied that not only the elephant, but also, His running away was non-existent (Yathā gajo mithyā...)! On the whole, Śaṅkara preached that the world is non-existent to the real absolute God, while it is existent to every relatively-existent soul. The world is not existent to God and not non-existent to the soul. So, it can be said to be different from both existence (sat) and non-existence (asat). He called it mithyā, which He defined as different from both existence and non-existence (Sadasat vilakṣanā). Ascending to Monism and Descending from It God is pleased when you use these three steps to overcome your nervousness while doing good deeds. He will be furious only when you exploit these steps to do sins. It is also very important that after ascending from the first step of dualism to the third step of monism, you must also descend back to dualism. There is no harm in continuing to be in the first step of dualism. It is, in fact, better to always continue in the first step. The first step is thinking that one is close to God. Even though an ordinary soul is actually far from God, it is better to think that he or she is close to God. It helps the soul remember that God is watching every deed done by the soul. So, every devotee should think that he or she is close to God, which means that God is always closely watching every deed done by the devotee. Some devotees are eager to ascend to the step of monism but they never want to descend to dualism. That is very dangerous since the soul might easily commit sins as a result of continuing to be in monism. The soul begins to think that it is above justice since it is God and can even commit sins. The Gita says that ascending is done for the sake of doing some action (Ārurukṣoḥ...) and descending is done for the sake of maintaining peace (Yogārūdhasya...). Devotees should clearly understand that ascending to monism in this context does not mean that the devotee actually has become God. It is only an assumption to overcome nervousness. Even the Human Incarnation, who has actually ascended to the third step, has to sometimes come down to lower steps while preaching to devotees. Only if the percentage of ego and jealousy in the devotees around the Incarnation is nearly zero, does He declare His monism with God. If the devotees have a moderate level of ego and jealousy, He claims to be a Son of God, corresponding to the second step. If the ego and jealousy of the devotees is a hundred percent, then the Human Incarnation only claims to be a messenger of God, which is the first step. It is for this reason that Prophet Mohammad always claimed to be just a messenger of God. Another advantage of remaining in this first step of dualism with God is that there is place for the spiritual effort. Only when the soul realizes that it is different and far from God, can it take the effort to come closer to God. Of course, there are people who do not want the closeness of God because it makes it inconvenient for them to do sins in the presence of the God who is so close! To avoid this inconvenient situation, some such people have placed God beyond this world. Others have denied the very existence of God! As a reaction to these two attempts of pushing God away, some people have developed the concept that God is omnipresent. This omnipresence of God serves the purpose of ensuring a constant closeness of God with every soul. But it also has a disadvantage. There is a danger of thinking that since God is omnipresent, He must also be in the sinner. In that case, it would mean that God is doing the sin! This, of course, is not true! Thinking that God is only beyond creation and thinking that God is omnipresent in creation are two extreme ends. The middle golden path between these two extreme ends is that God is beyond this creation, but He enters creation whenever and wherever there is a justified necessity. The omnipresence of God is not to be taken in the sense of His physical presence everywhere. It is to be understood in the effective sense. It means that even though God is not physically present everywhere, He is effectively present since He knows and controls everything in this creation. www.universal-spirituality[.]org Universal Spirituality for World Peace
  2. Tired of all the negative news in the mainstream media? These feel-good stories from September showcase all the positive things that are happening in the world. Ed Gould shares his Top Ten round-up from the month. There were many stories of hope and happiness in September. If you thought that feel-good news was thin on the ground throughout the late summer, then read on to discover some of the more optimistic news items which did not necessarily always get the attention they deserved. 1. Cancer blood test shows greater accuracy Diagnosing cancers in the body at an early stage is something that all medical professionals know could lead to improved recovery rates. Thankfully, a new test has been developed which offers high rates of accuracy. According to a story in The New York Post, over 20 different types of cancer can be detected with just one procedure. Following trials at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, extremely low misdiagnosis rates – less than a per cent – were established in what may be a game-changer in the fight against this ever-present disease. 2. Electric van technology gets a boost According to Autocar, the electric commercial vehicle industry has been helped thanks to a massive order from electronic retail giant Amazon. With a power source that requires no fossil fuels, the vans will be able to make deliveries without adding to global warming, so long as the electricity needed comes from renewable sources. Amazon has ordered 100,000 such delivery vehicles from Rivian, an electric car start-up company. 3. Saunas may help reduce heart disease risk According to The Independent, a research study has found that regularly taking saunas will help to protect the heart from disease. The work, published in the BMC Medicine journal, claims that cardiovascular disease is less common among the over-50s age group if they enjoy saunas on a frequent basis. The research was conducted in Finland over the course of a 15-year period. It's not yet known why saunas seem to be so beneficial for heart health in older age. However, one researcher said that it could be tied up with the fact that taking saunas is a relaxing activity that may help to lower blood pressure. Saunas could reduce heart disease shutterstock/Med Photo Studio 4. Smart glove may help those with Parkinson's Although there are many research avenues into Parkinson's disease including drug therapies, a Rhode Island professor has won substantial funding for another approach: a wearable technology that may help patients control their symptoms more effectively. As reported in Parkinson's News Today, Kunal Mankodiya, an associate professor of engineering at Rhode Island University, will be able to spend up to $250,000 to develop a so-called smart glove that will help exercise regimes to be individually tailored. The funding will hopefully allow Mankodiya to turn his prototype into a workable reality. RELATED: Feel-good news from August 5. Plastic bag usage dramatically drops in the UK The UK government announced that its data for plastic bag usage among consumers has fallen dramatically since a small charge of five pence per bag was introduced in 2015. According to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, the use of single-use plastic bags has fallen by 90 per cent in the last four years. The data was drawn from across all of the UK's large retailers. In an unrelated announcement also made in September, major retailer Sainsbury's said it would completely do away with plastic bags for its fruit and vegetable sales by 2025. 6. Tree-planting program wins UN award In news that will bring happiness to anyone concerned with the destruction of the globe's ancient forests, a Chinese company, Ant Financial Services Group, has won praise for planting approximately 122 million trees in some of the country's driest areas. The United Nations Environment Programme said in September that the so-called Ant Forest green initiative in China had won its Champions of the Earth award for 2019. Chinese forest and lake shutterstock/Efired 7. Breakthrough technology allows blind people to perceive light In feel-good news that will be welcomed by anyone with vision impairment, a novel technology has been demonstrated in the US which allows blind people to gain more visual perception. A research team from UCLA Health have used surgical implants in four blind patients to allow them to perceive light and dark. A wireless device 'looks' at objects which then sends signals to the implant. The brain is then able to perceive the implant's stimulation as patches of light and dark. In some cases, blind people have been able to sense individual objects and even movement. 8. Carbon dioxide batteries developed Rechargeable batteries may seem like a good thing from an environmental point of view, especially compared with disposable ones. However, they're actually full of heavy metals and have an environmental impact when they reach the end of their lives. Battery developers have long sought an alternative and now carbon dioxide consumer batteries have been produced which are good for up to 500 recharges. According to Science Daily, a team at the University of Illinois in Chicago has come up with carbon-neutral batteries that may mean portable electrical products become greener than ever before to use. 9. The science of kindness gets its own institute Thanks to a substantial donation from the Bedari Foundation in the United States, UCLA will set up a new institute which will be entirely devoted to the scientific study of kindness. This is a world's first in which an interdisciplinary research institute into kindness will share its findings globally. UCLA's Chancellor, Gene Block, commented on the venture, saying that the UCLA Bedari Kindness Institute will bring together the best research into to this vital issue, allowing researchers from across the numerous scientific disciplines as well as external organisations to work with one another. In all, $20 million was given to establish the institute. RELATED: The power of kindness 10. Google announces huge investment into green energy As reported in The Guardian, technology giant Google has announced an investment program into renewable energy that is the biggest of its kind in corporate history. The investment – which will focus on both wind and solar energy production – is said to be worth an eye-watering $2 billion across 18 different commercial agreements. The corporation says that it wants all of its electrical usage to be matched by the green energy its investments produce. Much of the investment will be going to renewable energy companies in the United States and Europe. However, there will be a substantial spend in Chile, too, where Google has one of its big data centres. Main image: shutterstock/smileus Written by Ed Gould Ed Gould is a UK-based journalist and practitioner of Reiki.
  3. This week's topic is "Stressful Communications: Interpersonal Mindfulness". As the different types of formal practices are discussed already in the earlier week, where you are also welcome to share this week's experiences with them, this weeks forum entry is about the informal practice, the communication calendar. As we practise applying the skills we are learning in this course to our everyday lives; we are cultivating our natural capacities to be more flexible and to recover more quickly during challenging interpersonal situations. As we grow our awareness of emotions, we may better understand the messages we are sending to others and receiving from others and the barriers to being with ourselves and others in heartfelt and authentic ways. “Once you can communicate with yourself, you’ll be able to communicate outwardly with more clarity.” Thich Nhat Hanh Psychological stress arises from the interaction between us and the world, so we need to take responsibility for our part in relationships with people who “cause us stress” By this, we mean taking responsibility for our perceptions, thoughts, emotions and behaviours. If we react unconsciously when we are having a problem with another person, just as with other forms of stress, this usually makes matters worse in the long run. One of the most useful insights was reading myself when I was about to shut down in a conversation. These days I feel my chest getting tighter, and I become aware that I am no longer listening with an open heart but that I start feeling attacked and I am putting my armour up which will not allow the conversation to come to a satisfying result as I do not hear the other person anymore. Depending on the situation I might take a deep breath and open up again, or I'll explain that I am closing up and need a pause, sometimes I'll excuse myself to the bathroom for a bit to reconsider. If I get to walk the dog for an hour through the forest that's best but that's not always possible. It can also be helpful to repeat what I understood that the other person said in my own words, so we are both sure to talk about the same thing. This shows the other person I am listening and gives us both a chance to be clear about what we are talking about to avoid misunderstandings and assumptions. Have you noticed any changes in how you are communicating with people since you started this course? What have you noticed?
  4. This weeks theme "Working with Stress: Mindful Responding instead of Reacting" invites us to look closely at our mental, emotional and physical discomfort. Pain of any kind (physical, or mental) is our primary experience which can cause suffering and heartache. We may have no control over the situation that caused the pain; however, when we push this away by resisting it, we generate more pain and suffering. Although all life has pain, a mindful life can be free of the additional burden of suffering. If we can gently move towards acceptance of our pain, even a little by saying perhaps “this hurts… can I be OK with this”? We can avoid or reduce suffering. In other words, we can gently pay attention to our experience as it is at that moment without trying to block it out or feeling overwhelmed. I am curious about the experiences you share with the practice of "turning towards" the unpleasant. If you did this course in it's early stages it was the "Soften, Soothe, Allow" practive which is very similar so this is a good space to also share you rexperiences with it here. Are you aware of how resistance shows up for you? Can you describe it? I remember doing this exercice a lot around the feeling of unworthiness, of not being good enough. I was so afraid that if I would look into those feelings they would grow and overwhelm me, crush me. It took me lots of different attempts to finally have the strength to look at them and the closer I looked the more I realized that there was no big, no valid reason behind them, just some notion I picked up from an abusive relative. Only my fear of looking at them, investigationg them made them strong. This has a physical componet too. As I tried to push them away, hide, ignore the feeling of not good enough I made myself small, crouched down, let the shoulders sink and when I dared to look I rose up to my normal size - nothing more than that. I don't think of myself as flawless or anything the like, but I accept myself as a lovable human with good intentions who fucks up sometimes, but now as I see myself as lovable I can also apologize more easily and make things right again. Before with the strong feeling of unworthyness a mistake did feel like I lost my right to exist now it's just that - a mistake which I make up for but which doesn't make me a bad person.
  5. Mit dem Alter kommen Weisheit und Erfahrung. Leider gehen damit auch die Möglichkeit einer kognitiven Beeinträchtigung wie Gedächtnisverlust und schlechtes Urteilsvermögen einher. Aber, wie Ed Gould schreibt, gibt es fünf wertvolle Tipps, um diese Probleme zu bekämpfen und die Hirnsubstanz zu stärken. Obwohl das Gehirn kein Muskel ist, kann Bewegung sein Wachstum und seine Regeneration auf ähnliche Weise wie körperliches Training stimulieren und für mehr Muskulatur sorgen. Forschungen auf dem Gebiet der Neuroplastizität haben gezeigt, dass viele Aspekte des Gehirns bis ins Erwachsenenalter verändert werden können. Es ist durch den Aufbau von neuem Gehirngewebe durchaus möglich, kognitive Beeinträchtigungen zu überwinden. So haben jüngste Studien gezeigt, dass körperliche Betätigung die Gehirnfunktionen verbessern kann. In einem von Elsevier Inc. veröffentlichten Forschungsbericht wurde festgestellt, dass ein Schlüsselakteur der intrazellulären Proteolyse - Cathepsin B - bei Läufern in größeren Mengen im Körper sekretiert wird als bei Personen, die keine körperliche Betätigung ausgeübt hatten. Einfach ausgedrückt bedeutet dies, dass die Gedächtnisfunktion des menschlichen Gehirns durch einfaches Training verbessert wird. Psychologen wie Dr. Matthew Edlund, der Bücher wie Designed to Last veröffentlicht hat, haben darauf hingewiesen, dass ähnliche restaurative Wirkungen auf das Gehirn, die durch körperliche Aktivität hervorgerufen wurden, auch bei anderen Arten gefunden wurden. Sollen wir also unser Gehirn wie einen Muskel trainieren, wenn wir in einem kognitiven Trainingsprogramm ein höheres Glück empfinden möchten? Nun, ja das wäre gut. Aber es ist nicht die ganze Geschichte. Für jeden, der kognitive Beeinträchtigungen überwinden möchte, sind andere Dinge genauso wichtig. Soziale Aktivitäten beispielsweise. Fünf Tipps zur Bekämpfung von kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen Du möchtest zufriedener mit dir selbst sein und die im Alter allzu weit verbreiteten Probleme mit kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen wie Gedächtnisverlust und schlechtem Urteilsvermögen vermeiden? Dann sind es insgesamt fünf verschiedene Dinge, die berücksichtigt werden müssen. Wir alle sollten diese Tipps umsetzen, um unser Gehirn in einem guten Zustand zu halten, damit wir uns jetzt und in Zukunft besser fühlen. 1. Kognitives Training und neues Lernen Tatsächlich ist es für deine Gehirnfunktion unerheblich, was du lernst, solange du dich weiterhin mit dem Lernen selbst beschäftigt. Die Alzheimer-Vereinigung, ein Verein über kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen, weiß ein oder zwei Dinge darüber. Laut ihnen können wir jegliche Art von Aufgabe an unser Gehirn übertragen, und schützen uns damit vor Demenz, Alzheimer und anderen kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen. Nach Angaben des Verbandes ist es erwiesen, dass Bildung das Risiko für kognitiven Verfall und Demenz verringert. Beruhigender Fakt ist, dass Lernen immer hilft, egal wann im Leben damit angefangen wird. Wenn du der Meinung bist, dass Schulunterricht für Kinder oder für Menschen gedacht ist in Ausbildung gedacht ist, hast du einerseits Recht. Unterricht ist jedoch ebenso wertvoll für Menschen mittleren Alters und Rentner. In Bezug auf Glück und die Bekämpfung von kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen gibt es kaum eine bessere Vorsorge, als etwas zu lernen, was dich bereits interessiert. Perfektes Bild: Das Erlernen einer neuen Fähigkeit kann helfen, kognitive Beeinträchtigungen zu reduzieren Kognitives Training kann darin bestehen, vor einem Auslandsurlaub eine Fremdsprache zu lernen oder ein wenig Kunstgeschichte zu studieren, um beim nächsten Galeriebesuch gut informiert zu sein. Wenn eine Unterrichtsumgebung jedoch nichts für dich ist, solltest du andere Methoden in Betracht ziehen, um dein Gehirn mit neuen Fähigkeiten zu beschäftigen. Meditation oder logische Rätsel bringen deinem Gehirn neue Arbeitsweisen bei, insbesondere bei Spielen, bei denen strategisches Denken gefordert ist. Derartige Aktivitäten wurden in Studienprogrammen ausführlich untersucht - viele davon weisen auf eindeutige positive Ergebnisse für das Gehirn hin. 2. Soziale Aktivitäten Auf den ersten Blick mag es selbstlos erscheinen, sich in einer örtlichen Freiwilligengruppe zu engagieren. Es könnte jedoch das Beste sein, was du jemals für dich tust. Wie beim kognitiven Training führt soziales Miteinander zu besseren Gehirnfunktionen, da das Gehirn gezwungen ist, auf bestimmte Weise zu arbeiten. Wenn du in gewissem Maße von der Welt ausgeschlossen bist, wird das Alleinsein irgendwann zur Gewohnheit. Das kann dazu führen, dass sich die neuronalen Bahnen des Gehirns im Laufe der Zeit so weit verschieben, dass dir die Lust auf soziale Aktivitäten vergeht. Um dies zu verhindern, musst du dich regelmäßig unter die Leute mischen, um sicherzustellen, dass du nicht von deinen Nachbarn, deiner Familie und deinen Freunden abgeschnitten bist. "In Bezug auf Glück und die Bekämpfung von kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen gibt es kaum eine bessere Taktik, als etwas zu lernen, das dich interessiert." Mit Engagement in deiner Gemeinde profitierst du nicht nur durch die sozialen Kontakte. Auf sinnvolle Weise aktiv zu bleiben, wird deinem Gehirn auch helfen, neuronale Probleme in Zukunft zu verhindern. Allein das Beisammensein mit anderen Menschen reicht, um Botenstoffe des Gehirns (sogenannte Glückshormone) freizusetzen, mit denen wir uns besser fühlen. Sich unterhalten, miteinander interagieren, voneinander lernen und sich gegenseitig lehren sind alles Dinge, die dazu beitragen, dass dein Gehirn aktiv bleibt. Sich in einer neue Gruppe zu engagieren ist ein gut gemeinter Vorschlag, aber - seien wir ehrlich - es ist nicht jedermanns Sache. Manche Menschen sind eher schüchtern, da kann sich eine unbekannte Gruppe wie ein Sprung ins kalte Wasser anfühlen. Wenn du dich um dein Gehirn kümmern möchtest, mach zunächst kleinere Schritte. Ruf alte Freunde an, mit denen du seit einiger Zeit nicht mehr gesprochen hast, und frag sie, wie es ihnen geht. Sie werden sich sicher sehr freuen, und starke soziale Verbindungen können so wieder aufleben. Plaudern: Reduziere kognitive Beeinträchtigungen durch soziale Kontaktpflege 3. Nahrungsaufnahme Wie jeder Teil unseres Körpers besteht das Gehirn aus der Materie, die wir konsumieren. Ohne die richtigen Zutaten ist es für den Körper schwierig, die richtigen Proteine und Enzyme für die Regeneration herzustellen. Mit anderen Worten, das Gehirn muss sich gesund ernähren, damit es im Alter weiterhin richtig funktioniert und kognitive Beeinträchtigungen vermieden werden. Auf den ersten Blick ist es offensichtlich, dass man sich gesund ernährt, damit ein Teil des Körpers gesund bleibt, oder? Beachte jedoch, dass ein gesundes Gehirn mit größerer Wahrscheinlichkeit auch ein glücklicheres Leben bedeutet. Es geht also nicht nur um dein körperliches, sondern auch um dein geistiges Wohlbefinden. VERWANDTES THEMA: Gute Laune Lebensmittel Laut einer Studie von Martha Clare Morris et al. von der Abteilung für Innere Medizin am Rush University Medical Center in Chicago wird eine Mischung aus einer Mittelmeerdiät und einer sogenannten Stop-Hypertonie-Diät den kognitiven Verfall verlangsamen. Morris 'Arbeit befasste sich mit 923 Teilnehmern im Alter von 58 bis 98 Jahren, die sich mit einer so genannten DASH-Diät beschäftigten. Im Wesentlichen ist eine solche Diät arm an Fett, reich an Kalium und Kalzium und erfordert eine geringere Salzaufnahme. Indem du Milchprodukte und Fleisch zugunsten von Gemüse, Vollkornprodukten und Obst einschränkst, ernährst du dein Gehirn gesünder. "Das Gehirn braucht eine gesunde Ernährung, damit es auch im Alter richtig funktioniert und kognitive Beeinträchtigungen vermieden werden." Lange schon als gut für das Gehirn angesehen, wurde der Verzehr von Fisch in Studien als wirklich nützlich bestätigt. Laut einer Veröffentlichung des American Journal of Preventive Medicine aus dem Jahr 2014 hast du bei wöchentlichem Verzehr von gebackenem oder gegrilltem Fisch im Durchschnitt mehr graue Substanz als bei Menschen, die nicht so viel konsumieren. Bedenke jedoch, dass gebratener Fisch nicht Bestandteil der Forschung war. Außerdem scheinen die in Fisch enthaltenen Fettsäuren wie Omega-3 besser zu wirken, wenn sie als Nahrung anstatt als Nahrungsergänzungsmittel verzehrt werden, wie das Time Magazine berichtet. Vielleicht deutet dies darauf hin, dass Fische einen unbekannten Effekt auf das Gehirn haben? Fisch auf dem TIsch: Eine leckere und gehirnfördernde Speise 4. Körperliche Aktivität Menschen, die körperlich aktiv sind, neigen dazu, eine bessere Gehirngesundheit zu haben. Wie bereits erwähnt, haben neuere wissenschaftliche Studien den Zusammenhang zwischen Laufen und Hirnregeneration aufgezeigt, aber das ist noch lange nicht alles. Natürlich setzen Aktivitäten wie Schwimmen, Tanzen und sogar flottes Gehen alle Endorphine in den Körper frei. Es ist nicht nur gut, dass das Gehirn durch körperliche Betätigung etwas außer Atem gerät, sondern der ganze Mensch fühlt sich durch die Freisetzung dieser Endorphine auch glücklicher. Einige Wissenschaftler haben vermutet, dass der Körper auf diese Weise funktioniert, da die durch körperliche Betätigung verursachte Kohlendioxidbildung durch den Kick natürlicher Opioide ausgeglichen wird. Mit anderen Worten, der Körper belohnt den Menschen mit einem natürlichen Hoch, wenn man trainiert. Die Menschen, die regelmäßig Sport treiben, würden sogar argumentieren, dass sie sich durch Training nicht nur während des Trainings, sondern auch für eine beträchtliche Zeit danach nicht besser fühlen. "Aktivitäten wie Schwimmen, Tanzen oder sogar flottes Gehen setzen alle Endorphine in den Körper frei." Es ist wichtig zu beachten, dass es bei körperlicher Betätigung nicht nur darum geht, gute kognitive Fähigkeiten zu erhalten. Es kann das Gehirn in Bereichen wiederherstellen, in denen die kognitive Beeinträchtigung vorliegt. Nach Untersuchungen von Elise Wogensen et al. vom Institut für kognitive Neurowissenschaften der Universität Kopenhagen in Dänemark kann körperliches Training in einer Vielzahl von Fällen die kognitive Erholung nach einer Verletzung fördern, die das Gehirn erlitten hat. Obwohl einige Faktoren noch ungeklärt sind, zeigt Wogensens Arbeit nachdrücklich, dass körperliche Aktivität und die Wiederherstellung von Gehirnfunktionen miteinander verbunden sind und dass die Wiederherstellung von „verlorenen“ Gehirnfunktionen möglich ist. Work-out Wunder: Übungen setzen Glückshormone frei 5. Management von Risikofaktoren für die Herzgesundheit Laut der Alzheimer-Vereinigung hängen die Faktoren, von denen bereits bekannt ist, dass sie sich auf die Herzgesundheit auswirken und Herzkrankheiten bekämpfen, in vollem Umfang mit der Verzögerung oder sogar Verhinderung des Ausbruchs von Demenz zusammen. Eine davon ist häufiges Training. Andere Maßnahmen umfassen das Aufhören des Rauchens und den Abbau von Stress. Die Herzgesundheit kann auch besser aufrechterhalten werden, indem man die Fettleibigkeit im Auge behält und den Cholesterinspiegel im Blut senkt, was auch für die zukünftige Gesundheit des Gehirns wichtig ist. Schließlich sollte gesagt werden, dass jeder, der an Diabetes leidet, diese auf eine Weise handhaben sollte, die einer guten Herzgesundheit förderlich ist. Es ist in diesem Fall ebenso wahrscheinlich, dass sich auch das Gehirn selbst in einem guten Zustand befindet. ● Titelbild: colourbox.com Schützt du dich aktiv vor kognitive Beeinträchtigungen? Kommentiere hier, was deine Tipps sind oder diskutiere im Forum. Geschrieben von Ed Gould Ed Gould kommt aus Großbritannien, ist Journalist und freier Texter. Er praktiziert gerne Reiki.
  6. Most worrying doesn't solve anything and only leads to anxiety. From 'mind cleaning' to 'worrying by appointment', Dee Marques explains five key strategies that will help you stop worrying about the future and keep you in the present. If there’s one thing that’s common to all human beings, it's our intense desire to find happiness. And although the journey to happiness is paved with different types of obstacles, there’s something that often gets in our way: worry. According to this infographic, a staggering amount of people (two out of every five – 40 per cent) describe themselves as “worriers”. Furthermore, many of them admit they don’t know how to stop worrying about the future. Worrying per se is not harmful. From an evolutionary perspective, humans have developed the ability to worry for a reason, possibly as a defence mechanism that became essential for survival. In other words, we learned to worry so we could avoid dangerous or threatening situations. Indeed, a certain degree of worry about what the future holds can help us come up with action plans to improve the quality of our lives. But, as with everything else, there's a place and a time for everything, and extremes are unhealthy. If you have a tendency to worry, you’ll benefit from knowing how it could be affecting your well-being, and which techniques will help you stop worrying about the future. Why worrying about the future is unhealthy Constant worry can easily lead to anxiety, which, in turn, can lead to mental illness. Anxiety disorders are among the most common mental health issues at a global level, with almost 300 million people affected every year. The fact that they are so common tells us it’s easy to let worry snowball into something chronic that takes over your perceptions, thoughts, and actions. Why worry? If it's making you anxious, it's time to break the habit Excessive worries are bad for your mental health, but this habit can also affect your physical health. Worrying is not enjoyable and you feel anxious while these thoughts remain. Anxiety is proven to have a negative impact on health, causing a range of conditions from headaches to respiratory and heart disease and digestive disorders. It can also interfere with your cognitive skills: a recent study found that constant anxiety causes a spike in a protein linked to Alzheimer’s disease. Then there’s the social aspect of excessive worrying about the future, as it can have a negative impact on your relationships and stop you from enjoying bonds with family and friends. And as famous watchmaker Corrie ten Boom once said, “worry does not empty tomorrow of its sorrow, it empties today of its strength”. You know it’s time to learn how to stop worrying about the future if this habit interferes with your well-being and cripples your decision-making ability. Worrying about the future: how to stop it The negative effects of this destructive habit are wide-ranging and underline the importance of learning how to stop worrying about the future. Here are four practical techniques you can develop to get yourself out of the worry trap and focus on the here and now. 1. Prevention The first step is identifying the triggers and cultivating awareness about your own thoughts and mental processes. It's impossible to learn how to stop worrying about the future if you don't know what triggers the worrying cycle. Think about which limiting beliefs are causing you to worry. For example, thoughts such as worrying because you don’t want to be caught off-guard, to prevent disappointment, or because it’s a way of showing that you care. These ideas have a positive intention, but they’re still limiting instead of enabling. 2. Dealing with worry Another thing you should know is that you can step out of the negative cycle so these thoughts don’t dominate your thinking process. Ask yourself the following three things: Whether the worrying thought is true. Worries that involve the future deal with events that haven’t happened yet, so it’s impossible to decide if they're true or not. Moreover, some studies show that 85 per cent of what we worry about either doesn’t happen or is not as bad as we imagined. In some cases, the worrying thoughts are true. For example, maybe you’ve been made redundant and now constantly worry about what your future will look like without a job. It’s important to understand that some things are unavoidable and there’s nothing we can do, which doesn’t mean we are failures. We can’t possibly prepare for everything that’s in store, but we can prepare to be stronger and handle the situation productively. “You know it’s time to learn how to stop worrying about the future if this habit interferes with your well-being and cripples your decision-making ability.” Ask yourself how important is the worrying thought and grade it on a scale on one to ten. If it’s below five, it’s not really important, so move onto the next step. If it’s above five, move onto next step all the same. Now ask yourself, “Is the thought helpful?”. If it’s not (almost certainly!), you can train yourself to observe unhelpful thoughts from the outside without letting them take over. If you learn to be an observer of your thoughts instead of a 'sufferer', you’ll become less sensitive to negative emotions. Establishing a mindfulness practice is one of the most effective things you can do to achieve this and learn how to stop worrying about the future. 3. Mind cleaning Excessive worry about future events creates 'noise' that can be countered with mind-cleaning techniques. There’s a good selection of things to try here, but let’s draw attention to an easy one to get you started into the habit of cleaning your mind intentionally. It’s called Blue Sky Visualization, and these are the steps to follow: Find a quiet space and make yourself comfortable. Visualize a dark and gloomy sky, peppered with thunderstorm clouds. If you worry excessively, you’ll be familiar with that feeling as negative thoughts cloud your mind. Notice how even in the gloomiest of skies, the darkness isn’t uniform: there’ll be spaces where the clouds are not as dense, or small clearings in the sky. Focus your attention on those. Visualize sun rays peeking through, eventually growing more intense, and tune up the intensity of the scene (e.g. brighter yellow sun rays, brighter white clouds, and eventually a brighter blue sky). Allow yourself to revel in the new environment. 4. Take care of yourself Establishing a self-care routine can help you become stronger and less vulnerable to excessive worry. Moreover, it’ll help you focus on the present and on taking small and positive steps each day. What you eat and drink matters for both physical and emotional well-being, so it would be a good idea to cut down on sugar, caffeine, and processed foods, and replace them with nourishing and wholesome alternatives. “Some studies show that 85 per cent of what we worry about either doesn’t happen or is not as bad as we imagined.” Exercise is also important. You don’t have to go overboard here, simply be consistent. You may also want to try progressive muscle relaxation to raise awareness about which parts of your body are under stress when you worry. The idea is to slowly tighten and relax the body muscles, one at the time, from forehead to feet. Don’t forget to indulge in the feeling of relaxation! Finally, be consistent with your sleep and waking routine, and avoid staying up until late, which may lead to negative thinking. RELATED: Good Mood Food 5. Worry 'by appointment' only When we talk about how to stop worrying about the future, we know it’s hard to break the habit right away. However, you can start by consciously limiting the time you devote to worry and doubt. What if you only gave yourself five minutes a day to worry? Set an alarm (making sure it’s not before bed time!) and give yourself a specific time to go over the things that worry you. Refuse to engage in worrying at any other times, and instead carry a notepad where you write your worries down to examine them later under a more rational lens, for example, by asking the questions described in point two above. The time is now: limit worry time © shutterstock/Look Studio The benefits of worrying less Trying to break a habit takes time and effort, but once you learn how to stop worrying about the future, you'll begin to see the great benefits it holds. Once you start focusing on the things you can act upon, you’re more likely to feel positive and motivated instead of letting uncertainty or your circumstances overwhelm you. A positive mindset can also strengthen your health and immune system by reducing stress levels. Concentrating on how to get more enjoyment out of the present will build appreciation for the simple pleasures in life. In addition, you’ll be able to focus on developing quality relationships that contribute to your happiness. More importantly, you’ll build the skills needed to control negative thoughts, and that’s something you should be proud of! As hard as it may seem now, you should know that it is possible to learn how to stop worrying about the future. The habit didn’t take hold overnight, so breaking it and learning to take control over it will require conscious practice. Train your mind and make a deliberate effort following the suggestions in this article, until your mind becomes stronger than your worrying habit. ● Main image: shutterstock/pathdoc happiness.com | The fine art of being: learn, practise, share Are you a happiness.com member? Sign up for free to enjoy: ■ our happiness magazine with practical life tips ■ sharing and supporting others in our happiness forum ■ developing with free online classes in our Academy Resilience | Authenticity | Courage Written by Dee Marques A social sciences graduate with a keen interest in languages, communication, and personal development strategies. Dee loves exercising, being out in nature, and discovering warm and sunny places where she can escape the winter.
  7. Hi, Everyone! This looks like a great place to be! I am not on or do not trust Facebook, or Twitter anymore. I keep finding out that there are too many harsh people on those. I want to be with other happy folks. I even tried some Senior forums; I am 53 ? they are not that great either loll. I don't feel 53 at all. I still love cartoons, comic books, etc. my inner child:-). I love doing Art acrylic, watercolor painting, drawing, and multimedia art. I love writing, movies, books, computers, and outdoor activities and animals. I have an awesome cat I adopted named Ginger:-). It's starting to snow which I love. All seasons are awesome! I am happy to see a friendly forum. I am a very spiritual person, also. I have had a lot of stress in my life as well and am doing a lot of letting go. Not always easy, but it's a balancing we are all doing and helping each other and our beautiful planet. So lovely to meet everyone! Lots of love, light, and hugs! This is one of my paintings, I do acrylic pouring also this is my latest. ?
  8. Meditation is so much more than a trendy ancient practice. In fact, it has many scientifically-proven health benefits. From stress relief to lowering anxiety, Calvin Holbrook looks at nine key advantages of developing a meditation practice. As the practice of meditation continues to grow in popularity in the West, so do the scientifically-proven benefits of doing it. In a world which can increasingly feel chaotic, more and more of us are turning to meditation as an antidote to a multitasking, distracted lifestyle. As a result, many of us are increasing both our mental and physical well-being through meditating. Meditation has its origins in prehistory. In fact, the earliest written records, the Vedas of ancient India, date from 1500 BC. As an umbrella term that covers a number of practices, there are many different styles of meditation. One of them is mindfulness meditation, where you focuses on the present moment and thoughts, emotions and sensations that arise. Another important type is loving-kindness meditation. This style derives from the Buddhist Vipassana tradition and focuses on universal love and compassion for others. Many people practice those forms today. Science now backs the health benefits of meditation – both mental and physical – that humans have instinctively understood for millennia. Mental health benefits of meditation These scientifically-proven benefits mean that meditation is regularly recommended as an alternative therapy for a diverse range of conditions, including: Stress Anxiety Depression Sleep difficulties Increasing happiness Promoting positive thinking Improving relationships Boosting cognitive abilities Science has also shown that regular meditation practice can improve the function and even change the structures of the brain. Hence its place in increasing the well-being and happiness of both individuals and wider society is assured. The physical benefits of meditation Scientists began to attempt to study the effects of meditation on the mind and the body during the 1950s. However, there are flaws in these early scientific approaches. More recent studies have used increasingly modern techniques such as EEG and fMRI to scan the brain before, during and after meditation, which allow the links between meditation and physiological and psychological bodily changes to be studied in depth. “The scientifically-proven benefits mean that meditation is highly recommended as an alternative therapy for a diverse range of conditions.” In 2013, a paper published by researchers at John Hopkins University identified 47 well-designed studies into meditation that had produced reliable results. Because of that, they concluded that meditation can be as effective as medication for some forms of depression and anxiety. Indeed, a growing body of science supports the benefits of meditation, so let's take a deeper look at nine of the key mental and physical health advantages of developing a regular meditation practice. 1. Stress relief Doctors are beginning to realise that stress is the root cause of many physical illnesses such as cardiovascular disease. One of the main benefits of meditating is to reduce stress and allow both the body and brain to relax deeply and effectively. Research on PTSD (post traumatic stress disorder) patients shows that meditation works by: balancing the nervous system improving brain coherence restoring hormonal levels to a state of equilibrium There is plenty of other science-backed research that suggests that reduces stress is one key benefit of meditation. A two-month study focusing on mindfulness meditation found that it reduced the inflammation response caused by stress. Studies have provided scientifically-proven evidence that meditation helps people to cope better with stressful situations. A further study from 2014 of 1,300 adults showed that meditate may decrease stress, and, significantly, the benefits were most profound in those who had the highest stress levels to begin with. Stop stress: mindful meditation can beat this silent killer 2. Reduced anxiety It follows that lower stress levels through meditation will also lead to reduced anxiety. A 2012 study of almost 2,500 participants showed that a variety of different meditation strategies can help to reduce anxiety levels. Another eight-week study into mindfulness meditation also showed that participants reduced their anxiety levels. Moreover, the benefits of meditation extended to reducing symptoms of anxiety disorders, such as phobias, social anxiety, obsessive-compulsive behaviors, paranoid thoughts and panic attacks. RELATED: Panic attacks –12 tips on what to do when anxiety hits hard 3. Lowering heart disease risk High blood pressure is a recognised risk factor for coronary heart disease. A long-term study published in an AHA journal showed that the risk of patients suffering from cardiovascular conditions such as atherosclerosis, myocardial ischaemia and atherosclerosis, or dying or suffering a heart attack stroke was reduced by almost half – 48 per cent – when compared to a control group in a similar physical condition who did not meditate. The 2012 study from the Medical College of Wisconsin in Milwaukee concluded that twice-a-day Transcendental Meditation helped African Americans with heart disease reduce their risk of death, heart attack and stroke. Meditation also helped patients lower their blood pressure, stress and anger compared with patients who did not meditate and only attended health education classes. 4. Improving cognitive abilities Recent research with a group of participants aged between 55 and 75 demonstrated that mindfulness meditation techniques improve goal-directed visuospatial attention span. Furthermore, a 2014 review of various studies found that multiple meditation styles increased attention, memory and mental quickness in older volunteers. These studies suggest that meditation could have the power to offset age-related cognitive decline or potentially enhance cognitive function in older adults. 5. Reducing pain Science shows through research that those who meditate show a greater ability to cope with pain and can even experience a reduced sensation of pain. Indeed, one large study published in 2014 examined the effects of regular meditation in 3,500 participants. It concluded that one benefit of meditation was decreased complaints of chronic or intermittent pain. “Science has shown that regular meditation can actually boost the brain’s grey matter. It appears that we have the ability to grow our own happiness.” Another study from 2011 published in The Journal of Neuroscience found that participants that meditated showed increased activity in the brain centres that control pain while also reporting less sensitivity to pain. Some participants had received four days of mindfulness meditation training, while others had not. Researchers then used MRI scans to observe brain activity in the participants while they experienced a painful stimulus. 6. Improving sleep While in some ways the science of sleep remains a mystery, we do know that it is essential for our health and well-being. A 2015 study found that participants who meditated fell asleep sooner and stayed asleep longer, compared to those who didn't. The study compared two mindfulness-based meditation programs by randomly assigning participants to one of two groups – one that practiced meditation and one that didn't. Life's a beach: meditation has many health benefits 7. Stopping smoking Another health benefit of meditation is that it can make giving up smoking easier, therefore reducing the risk of smoking-related illnesses and health complaints. The effect of meditating regularly is cumulative, and as stress is reduced, so the impulse to smoke is lessened. One study of people meditating daily showed that 50 per cent had given up smoking two years into the research and another 30 per cent had significantly reduced their tobacco consumption. 8. Boosting happiness Studies at Kyoto University discovered that the precuneus area of the brain was larger in people who rated themselves as happy and upbeat than in those with a more negative outlook on life. Science has shown that regular meditation can actually boost the brain’s grey matter. It appears that we have the ability to grow our own happiness. Dr Wataru Sato furthermore says that now we understand that meditation increases grey matter in the precuneus, it will be possible to design scientifically-based programmes to grow a happier brain. 9. Improving the well-being and happiness of employees Contemplative practices such as mindfulness meditation and mindful or gratitude yoga can be helpful to business in boosting the happiness and health of their employees: a happy, healthy workforce is a key to the success of a company. After offering a mindfulness course to 600 of their employees, Transport for London found that 80 per cent had seen an improvement in their relationships and felt more relaxed, more than half felt happier at work, and 64 per cent experienced better sleep patterns. Another pay-off for the employer was that absentee rates due to sickness and stress dropped by a huge 71 per cent. Other benefits of meditation: a happier and healthier society By encouraging us to focus on the present, meditation calms us, empowering us to lead a happier life and to cope with any difficulties life presents. Science shows that meditation is not only an effective therapy for many common diseases but also helps individuals improve their levels of happiness, grow compassion for others and boost their own physical and mental health, leading to the development of a compassionate, thriving and resilient society. ● happiness.com | The fine art of being: learn, practise, share Are you a happiness.com member yet? Sign up for free now to enjoy: ■ our happiness magazine with practical life tips ■ share and support in our happiness forum ■ self-develop with free online classes in our Academy Stress management | Burnout Written by Calvin Holbrook Calvin edits the happiness.com magazine, as well being an artist and travel lover. He also loves hiking, nature, swimming, yoga, sweaty dancing, and all things vintage!
  9. As COVID restrictions relax, many of us are looking forward to getting away again. And taking time out to travel helps us do more than just chill out. As Calvin Holbrook discovers, research suggests that, in fact, traveling offers some important mental health benefits. Whether it's a 48-hour road trip out of town or two weeks in a far away foreign country, travel can work wonders for both our personal and professional lives. And aside from giving us the chance to relax, research has shown that, in fact, travel provides us with a great number of benefits to our mental health. So, here are six key ways traveling is great for mental health and happiness: it'll give you six more excuses to start planning your next adventure! 1. It reduces stress and boosts health The daily commute. Family issues. Relationship problems. Feeling unhappy at work. Our day-to-day lives can be filled with many stressful situations. Taking time away from those things through travel is a great way to clear your head and de-stress, as it temporarily removes us from the places and activities that increase our stress levels. Travelling allows us to forget about our chores and stresses and reset our minds. According to a 2013 study, almost 90 per cent of Americans surveyed noticed significant drops in stress following just a couple of days of travelling. The same study found that women who travelled only every six years or less had a significantly higher risk of developing coronary death or heart attack when compared with women who vacationed at least twice a year. Additionally, men who didn’t take an annual vacation were shown to have a 20 per cent higher risk of death and about a 30 per cent greater risk of death because of heart disease. Travel boosts mental and physical health shutterstock/haveseen Margaret J King from the Center for Cultural Studies and Analysis sums up the stress-relieving abilities of travel well: “With a short list of activities each day, freed up from the complexities of ongoing projects and relationships, the mind can reset, as does the body, with stress relief the main outcome.” 2. It boosts happiness and mood Aside from the obvious point that you don't have to work (and can basically eat and drink pretty much anything), traveling provides you with the perfect chance to step away from the mundane daily grind. Switching up your daily routine through travelling means new experiences and events, which are proven to help rewire the brain and stimulate your mind, in turn boosting both your mood and happiness levels. Furthermore, according to two significant studies, even just the act of planning a trip is proven to raise your happiness levels. Related: Why money can't buy happiness (except when you spend it like this) A 2014 study by Cornell University concluded that the anticipation of a trip increases a person’s happiness levels substantially, more so than the idea of acquiring a new possession, such as a car. This research was backed up by a further study from the University of Surrey that found that people are at their happiest when they have a trip ahead already planned. Moreover, they’re also more positive about their general quality of life, health and financial situation. 3. It makes you more mentally resilient and independent Visiting a new place while traveling is exciting, but it can also be intimidating and challenging. Indeed, facing difficulties in an unfamiliar environment and being among new people and situation often forces you out of your comfort zone. For example, it could be trying to speak a new foreign language, navigating public transport networks, attempting to order and try new foods… While this can sometimes be uncomfortable, this aspect of foreign travel can also make us more resilient, by toughening us up mentally and emotionally. “Travelling allows us to forget about our stresses and reset our minds. According to a 2013 study, almost 90 per cent of Americans surveyed noticed significant drops in stress following after just a couple of days of travelling.” Being out of our comfort zones like this means we have to learn and adapt, which in turn makes us more flexible and patient. And, according to a 2013 research paper by Zimmerman and Neyer, the challenge of travelling in a foreign country can strengthen the 'openness' of our personalities and improve emotional stability. 4. It gives you time to reconsider your life Travelling helps promotes mindfulness as we tend to forget our lives back home and instead focus on the moment and all the nice things we're experiencing. However, taking time out from our regular routine can also provide a valuable time for reflection, especially if you're going through a transitional period in your life. As writer Patrick Rothfuss once said, “A long stretch of road can teach you more about yourself than a hundred years of quiet.” Furthermore, the lessons that you learn along the way during your travels can broaden your perspective, making you more aware and open to new ideas. Likewise, experiencing new cultures gives you a chance to reflect on your own. RELATED: Happiness in different cultures This chance to reflect on life is backed up by Adrian and Christoph from the German travel podcast Welttournee – der Reise Podcast. They are two friends who've travelled together to over 100 countries. Christoph says: “We've travelled to many countries together but from time to time it’s also good to go on the big trip alone. To be able to look, see and judge, it’s sometimes a big advantage, when you are totally on your own and unencumbered – your inner voices begin to speak with you and from this point it could be a journey to yourself.” 5. It strengthens and clarifies relationships Many of the benefits of travelling on mental health we've looked at so far are very focused on individuals. So, how can travel be positive when there is more than one of you on the trip? Well, if you're travelling with a friend or partner, it opens up the possibility to strengthen and clarify the relationship. In our daily lives, relationship stress can occur through miscommunication and other issues, which can in turn affect our mental health. However, traveling with lovers, family or friends, creates not just more time together but a different kind of time together: it provides the opportunity to connect on a deeper level. Travel can help strengthen relationships shutterstock/biletskiy During a trip together you have the chance to experience to many different and perhaps new feelings – awe, confusion, excitement, disorientation – all of which can be meaningful for relationships. Indeed, according to a 2012 survey by the US Travel Association, couples who travel together have healthier and happier relationships compared to those who do not. The phone study provided three key results: Travel has long-term benefits for couples, such as increased closeness and perception of shaared goals/interests Travel helps build and maintain relationships Travel ignites romance and intimacy Furthermore, planning a trip as well as making decisions – and compromises – can help bring you closer and strengthen a relationship. However, on the other hand, these experiences can also bring out hidden clarity to a relationship that was facing difficulties. Some people discover that the relationship with the person they’re traveling with is not worth investing in further and they realise they're not really compatible. 6. It increases depth of thought and creativity If you’re facing a creative block or lacking in direction, travel could do your mental health the world of good by boosting your ability to form new ideas and unlock your creativity through new experiences. You may have previously heard that taking a different route to work every day is beneficial to you. That’s down to neuroplasticity – the brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections. By changing your environment and exposing your brain to things you haven’t seen before, you’re literally forming new neuronal pathways. And creativity is directly related to neuroplasticity. “According to a 2012 survey by the US Travel Association, couples who travel together have healthier and happier relationships compared to those who do not.” This was backed up with a 2014 study published in the Academy of Management Journal. The research showed that foreign travel and work significantly improved creativity among fashion directors from over 270 fashion houses. But simply being somewhere new is not enough to maximise boosting your creativity. According to the study’s researcher Adam Galinsky, engagement, immersion and adaptation were all critical factors to success. He told The Atlantic: “Someone who lives abroad and doesn’t engage with the local culture will likely get less of a creative boost than someone who travels abroad and really engages in the local environment.” So, next time you go somewhere new, make sure to delve into all it has to offer and connect with the local community: you’ll be forming new neuronal pathways in the brain and may boost your creative juices. The takeaway: travel and mental health Science shows that, apart from just relaxing, travelling and experiencing new cultures helps boost our mental health and happiness in many ways: providing stress relief, boosting our resilience, creativity and happiness, while also improving our relationships. As Christoph from Welttournee – der Reise Podcast says, “We have become disgustingly rich by traveling. Not necessarily in our bank balance, but in a very special way. After each trip we have many stories to tell. We have met many new people, tried new things and become richer in our own way.” ● Main image: shutterstock/frantic00 happiness.com | The fine art of being: learn, practise, share Are you a happiness.com member yet? Sign up for free now to: ■ enjoy our happiness magazine with practical life tips ■ share and support in our happiness forum ■ learn with free online classes in our happiness Academy Anxiety | Depression | Compassion Written by Calvin Holbrook Calvin edits the happiness.com magazine, as well being an artist and travel lover. He also loves hiking, nature, swimming, yoga, sweaty dancing, and all things vintage!
  10. The main topic in week 3 is "Mindfulness of the Breath and the Body in Movement: There is both pleasure and power in being present." For week 4 it's "Learning about our Patterns of Stress Reactivity: Wherever you go, there you are." In the two Mindful Yoga exercises, we tune in closely into our bodies which is similar to the bodyscan yet completely different as we are moving. What came up for you during the exercises? How do the practices evolve as you get more familiar with them? Share your experiences during the Mindful Yoga/ Movement exercises with your fellow participants. Personally, this is the exercise where I lead most from my own experience when guiding a group. Like for any other mindful exercise I have a script and a dramaturgical arch for the practice (yes, you do have that in mediations too) but here I let the practice and the group to guide us more. Where, what do we move next? While I enjoy mindful yoga, I struggle with mindful walking. I was mindfully walking in the most beautiful surroundings, in busy streets, even in Plum Village, and yet I struggle to find any sort of engagement with the practice I seem to be stuck with boredom. Now that I have said it out loud, I wonder if it'll change. Acceptance precedes change.
  11. Pretty sure I read a few years back that the blood type diet was pretty much made up and not based on human nutrition. Food can definitely help with mood though. Healthier the better!
  12. No, we are based in Barcelona, Spain. We have two English guys in our team :) @Calvin77 who is in charge of the magazine and @BrettVallance who takes care of the Academy. @Candy from South Africa and @Lizzie from Sweden are doing most of the Community work you see here so far. Then there is @Tine, @Bjoern and myself and a few developers in China :)
  13. Didn't realise only a few months old! Not had time to delve into the forum yet. Will look at Positive News too. So this is mostly US based?
  14. Welcome @HappyJon! I hear you. Politics can be so stressful, and it seems we are stumbling from crises into crises and all of it is so existential. The news are not helpful either, as they are mostly adding oil into the fire. I am glad you found your way into our small young community here. We just started a couple of months ago, so I am really happy you joined us and hopefully will bring in some of your positive and happy energy Besides our own Happiness Magazine there is another good magazine called Positive News just like you, they are based in England - you might that refreshing for a change
  15. We're busier in our jobs than ever before, so could mindfulness in the workplace help us to work more productively and calmly? Calvin Holbrook looks at mindfulness at work and shares six tips to stay present in our jobs. The modern workplace can be full of distractions: loud conversations, interruptions from colleagues, chat channels such as Slack, phone calls, meetings, presentations, mobile phones... and just the internet in general. There's always something that can take us away from the task we're working on. So how can we apply the principles of mindfulness to feel more present at work, as well as boost our productivity? Someone who knows about staying mindful on the job is Jutta Tobias PhD. She's a social psychologist with 20 years of work experience in organizational development and capacity-building. Dr Tobias researches and teaches personal development and leadership in collaboration with executive students and in a variety of organizations. Through her teaching and coaching, Tobias helps individuals develop their personal resilience and emotional intelligence. She works with groups to help improve their decision-making, overcome obstacles, and generate sustainable performance. Dr Tobias' current research focus is on establishing a scientific evidence base for linking mindfulness-based interventions with organizational transformation. Mindfulness at work We spoke with Dr Tobias about mindfulness at work and she offered some valuable insights: “In the last couple of years when I ask people how they are doing in their organisation, they’re no longer just saying they’re busy, they’re actually saying ‘I’m overwhelmed at work.’ “Or they’re now seeing business as the status quo, if not the hero status: ‘I’m busier than you!’ But it doesn’t necessarily make people more effective. And mindfulness practice and mindfulness as a state or a way of being, is a little bit the opposite or the antidote to moving fast to being busy. It’s actually about being.” .embed-container { position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden; max-width: 100%; } .embed-container iframe, .embed-container object, .embed-container embed { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; } Video by Arlo Laibowitz Mindfulness at work: the studies Research into mindfulness in the workplace is fairly limited, although there are a couple of studies that appear to back its benefits. In a study conducted with Duke University, the insurance company Aetna had over 10,000 employees participate in a mindfulness or yoga class. Aetna found that among those who took part, there was an almost 30 per cent reduction in stress levels, a 20 per cent improvement in sleep quality and a 19 per cent reduction in pain. Participants also became more effective at work, gaining an average of 62 minutes per week of added productivity. The conclusion? Mindfulness at work resulted in a healthier and more effective workforce. “There's always something that can take us away from the task we're working on. So, how can we apply the principles of mindfulness to feel more alive and present at work?” Similarly, a study published in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine and reported on by Greater Good Science Center found benefits to mindfulness in the workplace. The research sought to determine whether an online mindfulness program created for the Dow Chemical Company, could reduce stress while simultaneously enhancing the well-being and resilience of employees. RELATED: Unhappy at work? Here are the six things you need to find Just under 90 participants completed scientific scales designed to measure their levels of stress, mindfulness, resiliency and vigor. They were then divided into two groups — one to take the online mindfulness class and one to join the wait list for it. The researchers came back six months later, just as the first group was finishing the class. And they found that, in fact, the group that took the class was doing a lot better than the group that hadn't yet taken the class – they were less stressed, more resilient, and more energetic. “This online mindfulness intervention seems to be both practical and effective in… enhancing overall employee well-being,” the researchers concluded. Six tips for staying mindful while working So, it seems there is some good evidence that being mindful in the workplace can make us happier and more productive. Even without a formal meditation practice, there are simple and practical steps you can take to give yourself a better chance of staying mindful and present while working. Here are six of the best: 1. Be email efficient New emails in our inbox have a habit of seducing us away from the task at hand to give them our undivided attention. Perhaps it’s because we’re not really enjoying our task so we're looking for an easy distraction. But it could also be because completing small, easily accomplished tasks like replying to an email releases dopamine, one of the happiness hormones, in our brains. However, in fact, answering mail throughout the day means we end up disrupting our focus from the task at hand. • JOIN US! Sign up to learn more about meditation and mindfulness • So, instead of answering email as soon as it pings into your inbox, be email efficient and allot dedicated periods of time to replying to messages. For example, use 30 minutes first thing in the morning to reply to any urgent mails you have, or wait until you have completed one of your major tasks. Apply mindfulness when opening your inbox and watch your productivity rise. Be mindful at work with deep breaths shutterstock/fizkies 2. Turn off pop-up notifications Just like emails, these take your attention away from the task at hand and distract you. Turn off all unnecessary notifications, and, instead, set your own mindfulness notification system with an hourly alarm on your phone during the day. Every hour when your phone pings, take a mindful breath or rub your hands together to become aware of your senses. It will help you come back into the present moment and refocus. Dr Tobias agrees. “The easiest and quickest instruction that I give to others and to myself is that practising mindfulness is all about coming to our senses, and it's a bit of a metaphor but it’s also a physical instruction: get in touch with my body: feel,” she told us. “I rub my hands together, and for a moment or two, notice the sensations in my fingers and my hand and that brings me back into the here and now. The people that now how to do this simple instruction and do it consistently are more present. And because they’re more present, they’re actually more satisfied.” RELATED: Mindful minutes – 10 small practices that make a big difference 3. Accept what you cannot change Acceptance lies at the heart of mindfulness. To be mindful means to accept this present moment just as it is. And it also means to accept yourself, just as you are at this present moment. It doesn’t mean giving up, but it does mean acknowledging how things currently are before trying to change anything. Making mistakes – big or small – at work happen all the time and we need to accept it when it happens instead of worrying. Here’s a workplace example, you made a huge typo in a social media post and can't change it or you went way over your planned budget. Firstly, you should accept that you ca cannot change it so you need to try to move on with the situation by learning from it. RELATED: How to show compassion at work Lack of acceptance can lead to denial of the fact or avoidance (trying to avoid the issue or skipping meetings with your supervisor) or even aggression (blaming someone else for the mistake or taking it out on others). Instead, try to accept the situation, talk to the necessary staffers involved and learn from your mistakes. Acceptance actually leads to change. Self-acceptance is even more powerful. It involves embracing all facets of yourself — your weaknesses, shortcomings, aspects you don’t like and those you admire. When you can accept yourself, you reduce energy-draining self-criticism. You’re then in a better place to enjoy your successes and laugh off your shortcomings. 4. Finish one task before you begin the next People often love to big up their multi-tasking abilities, but the truth is, nobody can actually multitask – trying to do two or more tasks at the same time and switching back and forth between them just isn’t efficient. “Being a single-tasker is more productive and a great way of seeing how much actual time – not including distractions – you spend on regular work activities.” Become a single-tasker by planning a time journal of your working day. Spend five minutes in the morning making a list of all the tasks you have to complete on any given day, then focus on completing one at a time, tracking the time you take for each. It’s more productive and is a great way of seeing how much actual time – not including distractions – you spend your time on regular work activities, which will help you plan your workload more efficiently in the future. 5. Mindfulness exercises You can train your brain to become more mindful by carrying out small mindfulness exercises. In a busy workplace, it’s probably not possible to take 30 minutes out to meditate, but that doesn’t mean you can’t be mindful at work: even a minute or two of simply taking time out to connect with yours senses and how you’re feeling can be classified as mindfulness. • JOIN US! Sign up today and make new friends at happiness.com • Take time out throughout the day to practice small mindfulness exercises in the office, for example, simply to sit upright and focus on your breath for a couple of minutes. Count on each exhalation and release any distractions by going back to focusing on your breathing. During times of high pressure in the workplace, practicing a short mindfulness exercise such as this breathing example can be a godsend. 6. Make meetings more mindful Work meetings are often seen as a necessary evil: they can be painful and unproductive if not managed correctly. But, by being mindful about meetings, you can even turn them into a highly useful and even enjoyable experience. Break to stretch and rub your hands shutterstock/TORWAISTUDIO Firstly, check in with yourself before a meeting. Notice what mental state you're in. Are you excited or frustrated and anxious? By becoming aware of your mental state, you have the chance to reconsider the state you want to be in for the duration of the meeting. If you take part in a state of appreciation or contribution, the impact will be much more positive than if you’re coming from a place of frustration or anger. If you find yourself getting stressed or tense in a meeting, try to focus on the breathing exercise mentioned before. Mindful meetings wrap up effectively and with firm intentions: What have we decided? Who is going to do what and by when? How can we resolve the issues we have agreed upon today? Also, wherever possible, any potential distractions should be removed from meetings, ie, no mobile phones! The takeaway: mindfulness at work Our workplaces are full of distractions that take our attention away from the job at hand. But research suggests that by being more mindful at work we can boost our productivity and reduce stress levels. If you regularly practice the mindfulness at work tips printed above, you should hopefully feel the benefits! ● Main image: shutterstock/pathdoc You might be interested in our other interviews around work. Watch Bodhin Philip Woodward on the impact of mindfulness and compassion in daily life, and our chat with the organizers of co-founders of the summit, Liz Hall and Luis San Martin. happiness.com | The fine art of being: learn, practice, share Are you a happiness.com member? Sign up for free now to enjoy: ■ our happiness magazine with practical life tips ■ share and support others in our happiness forum ■ self-develop with free online classes in our happiness Academy Anger management | Resilience | Leadership Written by Calvin Holbrook Calvin edits the happiness.com magazine, as well being an artist and travel lover. He also loves hiking, nature, swimming, yoga, sweaty dancing, and all things vintage!
  16. Untersuchungen legen nahe, dass Jugendliche aufblühen, wenn sie in ihren Gemeinden einen bedeutenden Unterschied machen können. Von Meghan Lynch Forder im Auftrag des Greater Good Science Center. Der Artikel erschien im Original in der englischen Ausgabe des happiness Magazins. Als Eltern von Jugendlichen denken wir viel darüber nach, was wir für unsere Kinder tun müssen, damit sie als Erwachsene gedeihen - oder (abhängig von unserer Philosophie) was unsere Kinder tun müssen, damit sie als Erwachsene gedeihen können. Dabei ist eine der wichtigsten Aktivitäten, an denen unsere Jugendlichen teilnehmen können, der Beitrag zu einer ihrer sozialen Gruppen. Mit zunehmendem Alter können Jugendliche Freunde, Familienangehörige und die breitere Gemeinschaft auf tiefere und sinnvollere Weise emotional und praktisch unterstützen. Untersuchungen legen nahe, dass freundliches und hilfsbereites Verhalten gegenüber anderen von der Kindheit bis zur Jugend zunimmt. Das würde den Stereotyp des selbstverliebten Teenagers zu einem Mythos machen. In der Tat ist die Jugend eine besonders effektive Zeit, um anderen zu helfen. Angesichts der massiven Veränderungen im Gehirn von Teenagern ermöglichen ihre neu entdeckten physischen, kognitiven und emotionalen Fähigkeiten es ihnen, Beiträge zu leisten, die den Menschen in ihrer Umgebung einen echten Nutzen bringen. Außerdem scheint die Möglichkeit, einen sinnvollen Beitrag leisten zu können, Vorteile für die Entwicklung der Jugendlichen zu haben. Es wird vermutet, dass dies genau die Fähigkeiten entwickelt, die sie benötigen, um als Erwachsene erfolgreich zu sein. Beiden Gruppen, unseren Jugendlichen und den Gemeinden wird es besser gehen, wenn wir dabei helfen können, dass sie einen Weg finden etwas zu bewegen. Wie das jugendliche Gehirn darauf vorprogrammiert ist, sich zu beteiligen Was sind "bedeutsame" Beiträge? Wenn wir über Beteiligung sprechen, ist damit nicht nur gemeint nett zu sein und hier und da freiwillig mitzuhelfen (beides ist auch wichtig). Gemeint ist „Engagement mit Konsequenz“. Das sind solche Handlungen, die anderen einen echten Nutzen bringen und dabei helfen, ein gemeinsames Ziel zu erreichen. Bei dieser Art von Beitrag wird nicht nur eine einzige Aktion ausgeführt. Der Jugendliche muss eine wichtige Rolle innerhalb einer Gruppe einnehmen – egal ob es sich um die Familie, Schule oder Gemeinde handelt. VERWANDTES THEMA: Warum Freiwilligenarbeit wichtig ist Es stellt sich heraus, dass Jugendliche bemerkenswert gute Voraussetzungen haben, um anderen zu helfen. Die Pubertät ist eine Zeit massiver Umstrukturierungen im Gehirn, die ein schnelleres und effizienteres System schaffen. Neuroimaging-Studien zeigen, dass die neuronalen Netzwerke, die sich im Jugendalter am stärksten verändern, dieselben Netzwerke sind, die durch den Einsatz für andere aktiviert werden. Flowerpower: Jugendliche arbeiten in einem Gemeinschaftsgarten shutterstock/Daisy Daisy Beispielsweise reift das „soziale Gehirn“ - das komplizierte Netzwerk von Bereichen im Gehirn, die in sozialen Interaktionen aktiviert werden - im Jugendalter besonders schnell heran. Durch diese Entwicklung wird die Fähigkeit junger Menschen gesteigert, Gefühle und Perspektiven anderer Menschen verstehen zu können. Die zunehmende kognitive Reife der Jugendlichen ermöglicht es ihnen, die komplexe Dynamik der unterschiedlichen Perspektiven und Bedürfnisse anderer Menschen zu berücksichtigen. So können sie bestimmen, wem und wie sie helfen möchten. Ein weiterer Bereich, der sich in diesen Jahren verändert, ist das „Belohnungssystem“. Dies erhöhrt nun die positiven Gefühle, die Jugendliche von neuen und aufregenden Erfahrungen bekommen. Dieser Bereich des Gehirns, wird am häufigsten mit der höheren Risikobereitschaft bei Jugendlichen in Verbindung gebracht, welche bei vielen Eltern Angst in den Herzen auslöst. Diese Gehirnveränderungen gehen zum einen mit Rebellion und Risikobereitschaft einher. Es gibt jedoch Hinweise darauf, dass sie ebenfalls freundliche und hilfreiche Verhaltensweisen hervorrufen, zum Beispiel das Bedürfnis mitzuwirken. Wie Jugendliche von der Möglichkeit mitzuwirken profitieren Geben beschenkt den Geber. Untersuchungen zufolge haben Erwachsene, die anderen helfen, eine bessere Stimmung, weniger Stress und weniger Gesundheitsprobleme. Jugendliche profitieren auf ähnliche Weise, haben jedoch zusätzlich einzigartige weiter Vorteile durch Beiträge und Mitwirken zu einer Gruppe. Beispielsweise kann die verstärkte Aktivierung des Belohnungssystems im Gehirn dazu führen, dass Jugendliche besonders gerne geben und sich davon stärker erfüllt fühlen . Jugendliche aus Familien, in denen Mitmachen einen besonderen Stellenwert hat, scheinen dieses Belohnungsgefühl noch deutlicher zu spüren. Jugendliche berichten auch, dass sie an Tagen, an denen sie ihren Familien helfen, glücklicher sind. Studien haben gezeigt, dass hilfsbereite, kooperative und teilnehmende Schüler in der Regel beliebter sind als solche, die Angst oder Einschüchterung einsetzen, um Status zu erlangen. Dies stellt einen weiteren Anreiz für Jugendliche dar, sich zu engagieren. Der Status ist besonders wichtig für Jugendliche, da diese durch hormonelle Veränderungen ab dem Beginn der Pubertät äußerst empfindlich auf Zugehörigkeit und Respekt reagieren. "Untersuchungen legen nahe, dass freundliches und hilfsbereites Verhalten gegenüber anderen von der Kindheit bis zur Jugend zunimmt. Das würde den Stereotyp des selbstverliebten Teenagers zu einem Mythos machen." Sich zu engagieren hat außerdem eine stressreduzierende Wirkung. Für Jugendliche kann dies von besonderer Bedeutung sein, da Körper und Geist von Teenagern (mehr als in jedem anderen Alter) stark auf Stress reagieren. Das Wichtigste ist, dass Jugendliche durch ihre Beteiligung jene Erfahrungen machen, die sie benötigen um die Schlüsselaufgaben dieser Lebensphase zu lösen: Autonomie, Identität und Intimität aufbauen. Indem Jugendliche sinnvolle Beiträge für andere leisten, können sie erkennen, dass sie sich positiv auf die Welt auswirken können. Das kann ihnen das nötige Vertrauen geben, um Autonomie und Entscheidungsfreiheit aufzubauen. Wenn ihre Beiträge gesehen werden, verstehen junge Menschen ihren Platz und Wert in der Welt und entwickeln so ihr Identitätsgefühl. Die Möglichkeit, Freunden und Familienmitgliedern eine sinnvolle soziale Unterstützung zukommen zu lassen, schafft die nötige Intimität, um im Erwachsenenalter positive und dauerhafte Beziehungen aufzubauen. Wie Teenager sinnvolle Beiträge leisten können Die zunehmenden Kontakten von Jugendlichen zu Personen außerhalb der Familie führen dazu, dass sie in vielen verschiedenen Bereichen Einfluss nehmen können. Hier sind einige Möglichkeiten, wie sie substanzielle Beiträge für ihre unmittelbare Familie und die weitere Gemeinschaft leisten können. 1. Familie Da Kinder mit dem Eintritt ins jugendliche Alter stärker und koordinierter werden, können sie mit zunehmenden kognitiven Fähigkeiten eine umfangreichere Rolle als Helfer in der Familie einnehmen. Jugendliche können bei Tätigkeiten wie Putzen, Kochen und der Pflege von Geschwistern echte und sinnvolle Hilfe leisten. Ein für Jugendliche sinnvoller Beitrag geht jedoch über die Hausarbeit hinaus. Jugendliche brauchen auch die Chance, eine echte Rolle für das Funktionieren der Familie zu spielen. Die Teilnahme an Familienentscheidungen - von Ausgabenentscheidungen über Essensentscheidungen bis hin zu Regeln rund um das Schlafengehen und Hausaufgaben - ist ein wichtiger Weg auf dem sie teilnehmen können. Diese Art der Beteiligung bedeutet nicht, dass sie die Entscheidungen treffen. Aber ihre Ideen, Gefühle und Urteile sollten ein echter Teil des Entscheidungsprozesses sein. Auch wenn ihre Vorschläge nicht jedes Mal befolgt werden; wenn ihre Perspektiven ernsthaft berücksichtigt werden, leisten sie einen Beitrag zur Familie. Helfende Hand: Ältere Familienmitglieder unterstützen shutterstock/DGLimages Sich innerhalb der Familie zu beteiligen hat Vorteile, die über den Haushalt hinausgehen. Studien zeigen, dass junge Jugendliche, die an familiären Entscheidungen beteiligt sind, sich besser an die Mittelschule anpassen. Außerdem sind sie motivierter in der Schule und haben ein höheres Selbstwertgefühl als Gleichaltrige, die keine solchen Möglichkeiten der Beteiligung haben. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass das Gefühl, eine integrale Rolle in einer Familie zu spielen, das Wohlbefinden und das Verantwortungsbewusstsein von Jugendlichen verbessert. Es kann sogar das riskante Verhalten reduzieren, über das sich viele von uns Sorgen machen. Es gibt auch eine nachteilige Wirkung bei zunehmender Beteiligung und Verantwortlichkeiten in einer Familie. Wenn der Grund für mehr Aufgaben auf eine körperliche oder geistige Erkrankung der Eltern oder andere Familientraumata zurückzuführen ist, können diese einen gegenteiligen Effekt auf das Wohlbefinden und den schulischen Erfolg solcher Jugendlicher haben. 2. Gleichaltrige Untersuchungen zeigen, dass Freunde eine wichtige Quelle der sozialen Unterstützung für Jugendliche sind und dass diese Beziehung eine weitere Möglichkeit ist, um einen Beitrag zu leisten. Die gleichmäßigere Machtdynamik in Freundschaften mit Gleichaltrigen ermöglicht es Jugendlichen, eine bedeutendere Rolle in der Beziehung zu spielen, als dies bei Erwachsenen häufig der Fall ist. Diese kann sich beispielsweise durch emotionale Unterstützung ergeben, durch Meinungsäußerungen und Planungen. "Wenn ihre Beiträge anerkannt werden, verstehen junge Menschen ihren Platz und Wert in der Welt." Freunde im jugendlichen Alter helfen sich nicht nur gegenseitig, sondern motivieren sich auch gegenseitig, einen umfassenderen Beitrag zu leisten. Wenn Schüler der Mittel- und Oberstufe glauben, dass sich zu beteiligen eine soziale Norm für ihre Altersgenossen ist, oder wenn sie von ihren Freunden positives Feedback für ihr Engagement erhalten, helfen sie eher einem Klassenkameraden oder beteiligen sich mit Geld in der Gruppe. Jugendliche, die anderen helfen, scheinen ihre besten Freunde zu inspirieren, dasselbe zu tun. So beschäftigt das eigene jugendliche Kind auch sein mag, es ist wichtig ihm Zeit zu lassen. In dieser kann der Jugendliche mit Freunden „abhängen“ - und dort die Chance bekommen, einen Freund zum lachen zu bringen oder buchstäblich eine Schulter anzubieten an der sich ein Freund ausweinen kann. 3. Schulen So wie ein Beitrag zur Familie mehr ist als nur reine Hausarbeit, ist ein Beitrag in der Schule mehr als nur freiwillig etwas zusätzliches tun. Wenn sie sich in der Schule bei etwas bedeutungsvollem beteiligen, können Schülerinnen und Schüler einen wesentlichen Einfluss auf ihr schulisches Umfeld haben. Damit ist gemeint, dass Schüler der Mittel- und Oberstufe in die Entscheidungsfindung in Bezug auf Kursarbeit, Unterrichtspraktiken und Schulrichtlinien einbezogen werden. Die Möglichkeit, sich an Sitzordnungen, Lernaktivitäten oder Benotungspraktiken zu beteiligen, sind alles Wege bedeutungsvoller Beiträge. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass diese Einbeziehung in die Entscheidungsfindung in der Schule die Motivation und die Bindung der Schüler an die Schulgemeinschaft erhöht. Strich für Strich: Mit jedem Pinselstrich trägt der Einzelne zum Gesamtbild bei Eine aktive, ermächtigte Schülervertretung ist eine weitere Möglichkeit für Jugendliche, einen sinnvollen Beitrag zu ihrer Schule zu leisten. Clubs und Sportvereine geben Jugendlichen die Möglichkeit, einen echten Einfluss auf ihre Teamkollegen zu haben. Organisierte Nachhilfeprogramme können den Schülern helfen, einen Einfluss auf ihre größeren Gemeinschaften zu haben. Nicht alle Schulen verfügen über das Know-how oder die finanziellen Mittel, um allen Schülern die gleichen Möglichkeiten zur Beteiligung zu bieten. Für diese Schüler können Gemeinde Programme eine wertvolle Alternative sein. 4. Gemeinschaften Jugendliche sind physisch und kognitiv in der Lage, ihren Gemeinschaften und der weiteren Welt zu helfen. Die bereicherndste Erfahrung machen sie, wenn sie die eine Chance haben, messbare, spürbare Auswirkungen auf ihre Gemeinschaft oder die Bevölkerung zu haben. Und sie brauchen die Möglichkeit, über die Bedeutung ihrer Handlungen nachzudenken. Hochwertige Freiwilligenprogramme ermöglichen es den Jugendlichen auch, eine aktive Rolle in der Organisation selbst zu spielen. Nicht alle Angebote zur Freiwilligenarbeit für Jugendliche erfüllen diese Standards. Programme wie 4-H, Boys & Girls Clubs of America und das YWCA / YMCA bieten im Allgemeinen die Möglichkeiten, die junge Menschen benötigen, um von solchen Beiträgen zu profitieren. Ja, Jugendliche brauchen auch weiterhin die Unterstützung ihrer Eltern. Aber ein großer Teil dessen, was sie brauchen, besteht darin, dass wir sie als die umsichtigen, fähigen, fürsorglichen Menschen ansehen, zu denen sie bereits geworden sind. Jugendliche gedeihen, wenn sie Gelegenheit haben, einen wichtigen Beitrag für ihre Familien, Freunde, Schulen und Gemeinden zu leisten. Auf diese Weise können sie zu Erwachsenen gedeihen, die einen bedeutenden Unterschied in der Welt bewirken können. ● Geschrieben vom Greater Good Science Center Dieser Artikel erschien im Original im Greater Good, dem Online Magazin des Greater Good Science Center der UC Berkeley. happiness.com hat die Ehre, es mit freundlicher Genehmigung des Greater Good Science Center erneut zu veröffentlichen. Mehr Informationen unter greatergood.berkeley.edu.
  17. We spend hours working alongside our colleagues, and showing compassion in the workplace can help to create real joy and happiness. Arlo Laibowitz speaks with Meysam Poorkavoos about the benefits of a compassionate culture in the workplace. Most of us spend many of our waking hours at work, and as we may know from experience, the work we do and the workplace itself can have an impact on our well-being and mental health. In fact, compassion in the workplace can greatly affect your happiness at work. Unfortunately, according to a lot of research, unhappy workplaces are actually pretty commonplace. Moreover, employees regularly feel under appreciated, disengaged, and believe that employers don't care about their personal struggles. Indeed, around half of all workers in the UK and US claim to be unhappy. RELATED: Unhappy at work? Here are the 6 things you need to find So, imagine a working environment where staff are always understood and supported, appreciated and included, and their professional relationships are built on a base of mutual trust and respect. Sounds great, right? These are all elements that make up a compassionate workplace, which can go a long way in helping to create a happier workplace. What exactly is compassion? First of, let's make sure we understand what compassion is. Compassion is a process involving the ability to be aware of, feel, or perceive another human's pain and to be with them or take action to relieve their suffering. Someone who knows a lot about compassion at work is Meysam Poorkavoos. We spoke with him at the second International Mindfulness & Compassion at Work Summit in Madrid in 2018. .embed-container { position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden; max-width: 100%; } .embed-container iframe, .embed-container object, .embed-container embed { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; } Poorkavoos believes there are three main problems that organisations have when showing compassion in the workplace. Firstly, that they have a non-open culture at work where employees aren't comfortable to share their issues and problems. Secondly, that managers are not really interested in people: they are mainly focused on outcomes, without caring how it's achieved. And thirdly that policies and procedures tend to get in the way, meaning people can't see when staff need support. The benefits for organisations to become more compassionate are many, argues Poorkavoos. “It’s not just people that receive compassion that benefit from it; the people that observe compassion in the workplace also benefit because they see it’s the kind of organization that if they have problems, they will receive help and support,” he says. “And when people feel compassion in their work environment they are better able to deliver a high level of service to their customers.” Compassion in the workplace: 7 top tips If this has inspired you to build more compassion in your own workplace, here are seven easy ways you can start to do just that: 1. Get to know your colleagues better Being part of a team makes people feel like they have a connection with others. Make the time to introduce yourself to others in the workplace – perhaps someone you normally don’t work directly with – and ask them about their life. Try to remember their name and use it again when you next greet them. It will make them feel valued and included. 2. Offer help to a co-worker If you spot that a colleague is struggling with something that you excel in, step in to offer your knowledge and skills. Likewise, if you see a co-worker has a lot on their plate, and you have some free time, offer to take a load off for them. They will be grateful, and showing them that you want to help others will inspire them and make them feel happier. “People that observe compassion in the workplace also benefit because they see it's the kind of organization that if they have problems, they will receive help and support.” You can also do this if you work remotely. Put a shout out in your group chat channels if you have some free time and are available to help others out. 3. Take notice of a colleague’s mental well-being If you notice a change in mood or working ability in a colleague or staff member, consider approaching them to discuss it. Perhaps there's something difficult going on in their personal life that is making them suffer with anxiety and/or depression. Showing that you care is a compassionate act. And if an employee has recently experienced a loss, such as family death or divorce, someone from the company should contact them within 48 hours and offer assistance. RELATED: The 8 types of grief explained 4. Praise employees in front of others Find opportunities to praise colleagues for their hard work and efforts in front of other staff members – you don’t have to be a manager to do this. Showing your appreciation for a co-worker is a great morale booster for them and will encourage others to also share their gratitude for others. Show compassion at work by helping a colleague shutterstock/fizkes 5. Be a compassionate leader or manager Great managers lead and inspire their colleagues through kindness, flexibility, empowerment and support. When staff are treated with compassion they remember it, and are more likely to want to continue working with you because you care. Moreover, having leaders show their own vulnerability can also help to create an atmosphere of safety and trust. RELATED: Mindfulness at work – 6 productive tips 6. Encourage constructive criticism Try to develop an atmosphere of conscious communication in your workplace. Encourage colleagues to engage openly with one another and give feedback through constructive criticism. Workers who openly discuss their feelings and thoughts truthfully may be more likely to work through challenges together. 7. Start with self-compassion As Poorkavoos explains in our video, in order to really show compassion for others, first we must have compassion for ourselves, so learn how to cultivate self-compassion. ● Is your workplace compassionate? Share below! You might be interested in our video interviews with Bodhin Philip Woodward on the impact of mindfulness and compassion in your daily life and our interview with the organizers of co-founders of the summit: Liz Hall and Luis San Martin. happiness.com | The fine art of being: learn, practise, share Are you a happiness.com member? Join free now and: ■ enjoy our happiness magazine ■ share and support in our happiness forum ■ develop with free online Academy classes Deep listening | Self Care | Friendship Written by Arlo Laibowitz Arlo is a filmmaker, artist, lecturer, and intermittent practitioner of metta meditation and morning yoga. When not dreaming about impossible projects and making them happen in the most impractical ways possible, he journals, listens to jazz, or cuddles with his better half.
  18. Der Ruhestand sollte eine Zeit sein, in der sich Senioren entspannen und amüsieren können. Aber allzu oft kommt es zu Stress und Isolation. Für einen gesunden Ruhestand ist es deshalb entscheidend, Körper und Geist aktiv zu halten. Das geht auf verschiedene Arten. Was sind deine Stressfrei-Tipps im Alter, welche Pläne sollen deinen neuen Lebensabschnitt prägen?
  19. Der Ruhestand sollte eine Zeit sein, in der sich Senioren entspannen und amüsieren können. Aber allzu oft kommt es zu Stress und Isolation. Marilyn Coates-Lower, selbst eine Seniorin, sagt, dass es für einen gesunden Ruhestand entscheidend ist, Körper und Geist aktiv zu halten. Mit zunehmendem Alter stellen einige von uns möglicherweise fest, dass das Leben eher stressiger als einfacher werden kann. Daher ist es von entscheidender Bedeutung, zu wissen, wie Stress abgebaut werden kann. Wenn der Ruhestand näher rückt, freuen wir uns auf die Veränderungen, die sich daraus ergeben. Oft planen wir, die vielen Dinge zu tun, für die wir in unserem geschäftigen Arbeitsleben keine Zeit hatten. Es ist jedoch nicht immer einfach, für einen glücklichen und gesunden Ruhestand zu sorgen. Dazu schreibt Patrick J. Skerrett, ehemaliger Chefredakteur von Harvard Health: „Wenn wir nicht aufpassen, kann der Ruhestand viele Gesundheitsprobleme anstatt Zufriedenheit hervorrufen, und wir sollten ihn eher als ‚Prozess denn als Ereignis betrachten.‘“ Einen gesunden Ruhestand planen Einige von uns werden sorgfältig für den Zeitpunkt des Renteneintritts geplant haben und finanziell abgesichert bleiben. Andere wiederum werden plötzlich mit einem enormen Einkommensrückgang konfrontiert sein. Dies kann uns natürlich bei dem was wir erreichen wollen einschränken. Laut einer Untersuchung von Dr. George E. Vaillant, Professor für Psychiatrie an der Harvard Medical School, gibt es jedoch verschiedene Möglichkeiten, wie Rentner - auch über 80 - glücklich und gesund bleiben können. Damit sie einen lohnenden Lebensstil erreichen, für den es kein hohes Einkommensniveau bedarf. Diese Möglichkeiten umfassen: Neue Freunde finden Wenn du dich aus dem Berufsleben zurückziehst, lässt du möglicherweise auch einige deiner Freunde zurück. Aber ein neues soziales Netzwerk aufzubauen, mit gleichgesinnten, gleichaltrigen Menschen, wird sich deiner körperlichen und geistigen Gesundheit gut tun. Vereinen beitreten Es gibt so viele Vereine, aus denen du wählen kannst. Einschließlich Sportarten wie Golf, Schwimmen und Tennis, Gesellschaftstanz, Wandern und Bridge. Sie bringen dich nicht nur aus dem Haus, sondern bieten auch die Möglichkeit, neue Freunde zu finden. Halte deinen Geist und Körper aktiv Nimm Aktivitäten wie Malen und Gärtnern auf. Vielleicht kannst du auch ein ganz neues Hobby erlernen, etwas, dass du schon immer machen wolltest. Lerne eine neue Sprache oder nimm an einem Studienkurs teil und hol dir vielleicht ein Haustier. Dieses ist nicht nur in großartiger Begleiter, sondern bringt dich außerdem dazu, spazieren zu gehen und neue Leute zu treffen. All diese Vorschläge machen nicht nur Spaß, sondern sorgen auch für einen hervorragenden Stressabbau, der Körper und Geist zusammenhält und für einen glücklicheren und gesünderen Ruhestand sorgt. Wir sollten das beste aus jedem Moment machen, denn wie dieses Zitat von Ausonius besagt: „Lass uns niemals wissen, welches Alter wir haben. Lass uns das Glück wissen, welches die Zeit bringt, und nicht die Jahre zählen.“ Tatsächlich ist jeder Tag kostbar, und ein glücklicher und gesunder Ruhestand kann aus so einfachen Dingen wie dem Journaling oder dem Gespräch mit einem Freund bestehen. Gemeinsam in einer Gruppe zu sporteln, hält Körper und Geist fit Stress und wie er die Gesundheit älterer Menschen beeinflusst Ein praktisches Merkblatt des APA Office on Ageing und des Committee on Ageing (Büro und Ausschuss über das Altern der Amerikanischen Gesellschaft für Psychologie) weist darauf hin, dass Stress uns während unserer Pensionierungsjahre sehr stark beeinträchtigen kann, wenn wir nicht aufpassen. Die APA empfiehlt daher eine sehr einfache Möglichkeit um gesund zu bleiben: Nahrhafte Lebensmittel zu sich zu nehmen um ein angemessenes Gewicht zu halten und regelmäßig Sport zu treiben. Des weiteren erklärt die APA, wie Stress zustande kommt. Stress entsteht, wenn unser Körper auf Gefahren reagiert und Hormone in den Blutkreislauf abgibt, was das Herz beschleunigt und die Pulsfrequenz erhöht: die sogenannte „Stressreaktion“. Untersuchungen haben gezeigt, dass zu viel Stress das Immunsystem beeinträchtigt und unsere Fähigkeit verringert, Krankheiten und psychische Gesundheitsprobleme zu bekämpfen. In ihrem Merkblatt werden verschiedene Tipps zum Stressabbau für Rentner angeboten, darunter: Positiv bleiben Vermeide negative Gespräche wie "Ich bin zu alt" oder "Ich kann das nicht mehr tun". Diese Art von Gesprächen hilft nicht weiter. Auch wenn du dich vielleicht so fühlst, das Nichtstun die Lösung ist, solltest du besser Überlegen, was du stattdessen tun könntest. Fokussiert bleiben Du musst dich niemals hilflos fühlen, denn egal wie schwierig etwas auch scheinen mag, es gibt immer eine Lösung. Du kannst jedes Problem wie einen Test oder eine Herausforderung betrachten, die deinen Verstand aktiv halten, während du nach Lösungen suchst. Entspannungstechniken, Meditation und insbesondere MBSR (Meditation Based Stress Reduction) wurden entwickelt, um mit Stress umzugehen, basierend auf jahrhundertealten Techniken. Laut Melissa Conrad Stöppler, Doktor der Medizin, können nur zehn Minuten pro Tag dazu beitragen, Stress zu kontrollieren, Ängste abzubauen und die kardiovaskuläre Gesundheit zu verbessern. In der Folge führt dies dazu, dass du in deinen Rentenjahren gesünder bist. Dr. Stöppler führt weiter aus, dass der Harvard-Arzt Herbert Benson bereits in den 1970er Jahren erstmals meditative Techniken in Amerika entwickelte. Seitdem haben sich diese weltweit durchgesetzt. Sowohl von Ärzten als auch von Therapeuten werden sie eingesetzt, um als wertvolle Ergänzungstherapie zur Linderung von Symptomen bei vielen verschiedenen Krankheiten zu dienen. "Es gibt verschiedene Wege auf denen Rentner glücklich und gesund bleiben können, um einen lohnenden Lebensstil zu erreichen, für den es kein hohes Einkommensniveau bedarf." Dr. Stöppler erklärt: „Unabhängig davon, wie der Entspannungszustand erreicht wird, können die physischen und emotionalen Folgen von Stress durch regelmäßiges Üben gemindert werden.“ Stressabbau kann in dieser Form auch zu Glück und innerem Frieden führen. Um einen ersten Blick auf die Meditationspraktiken zum Stressabbau zu werfen, kannst du 'Mindfulness daily' ausprobieren, einen leicht verständlichen Kurs, der von Tara Brach und Jack Kornfield entwickelt wurde. Flower Power: Gartenarbeit stärkt die Gesundheit und macht glücklicher Ein glücklicher und zufriedener Ruhestand Jeder von uns wird den Ruhestand anders wahrnehmen. Wie wir diese zusätzliche Zeit nutzen, die uns plötzlich zur Verfügung steht, hängt laut Harvard Health Publications stark von den individuellen Umständen ab. Dort wird beschrieben, dass die Pensionierung eine große Erleichterung darstellt, wenn der vorherige Beruf langweilig oder unbelohnt war. In dem Fall, dass man seine Arbeit sehr genossen und der strukturierte Lebensstil einem gut getan hat, kann der Ruhestand auf ganz andere Weise empfunden werden. In letzterem Fall ist es eine größere Herausforderung, sicherzustellen, dass du einen glücklichen und gesunden Ruhestand haben wirst. Ein Ehepaar, das glücklich verheiratet ist oder eine langjährige Beziehung hat, genießt mit größerer Wahrscheinlichkeit seinen Ruhestand als jemand, dessen Privatleben instabil ist. Gesunde Rentner werden sich auf eine aktive und lohnende Zeit freuen, während diejenigen, die bei schlechter Gesundheit sind, diese Option nicht haben werden. Unabhängig davon, in welche Kategorie du passt: Versuche so aktiv wie möglich zu bleiben und deinen Körper und Geist beschäftigt zu halten. Als Senior Stress abbauen: Möglichkeiten der Hilfe Einer der wichtigsten Tipps zum Stressabbau, die das von der APA erstellte Informationsblatt bietet, ist, sich rechtzeitig um Hilfe zu bemühen. Wenn die Rente bereits angetreten wurde und einem alles über den Kopf steigt, ist es schwieriger. Wenn wir von einem gesunden Ruhestand sprechen, beziehen wir uns natürlich auch auf eine optimale psychische Gesundheit als Senior. Hier sind drei Ideen, um diese zu erreichen: KVT (kognitive Verhaltenstherapie) Diese trägt dazu bei, die zugrunde liegenden Gründe für Stress zu erforschen und zu entdecken und negative Gedanken in positive Gedanken umzuwandeln Unterstützende Therapie Oft kann ein nicht wertender Zuhörer dazu beitragen, dass man beispielsweise Gefühle von Angst akzeptiert. Der Therapeut kann außerdem Tipps zum Stressabbau anbieten, um eine positivere Denkweise einzuführen. Entspannungstraining Verwandt mit Meditation, wird hierbei auch über Anspannung und Stress informiert sowie Techniken zur Muskelentspannung vermittelt. Meditation und Yoga senkt den Blutdruck und reduziert das Stresslevel Stressabbau: Was du tun kannst Dr. Dossett empfiehlt, mit Angehörigen oder engen Freunden zu sprechen und außerdem dein Hausarzt aufzusuchen. Über Probleme zu sprechen, die dich belasten, kann manchmal schon zu einer Lösung führen. Aus der Sicht der körperlichen Gesundheit betrachtet, kann dein Arzt jedoch deinen Blutdruck überprüfen und eine gesunde Lebensweise empfehlen, insbesondere im Zusammenhang mit der Ernährung. Für stark Betroffene sind auch Antidepressiva eine Option. "Jeder von uns wird den Ruhestand anders sehen. Wie wir diese zusätzliche Zeit nutzen, die uns plötzlich zur Verfügung steht, hängt stark von den individuellen Umständen ab." Er gibt auch an, dass einer der besten Tipps zum Stressabbau darin besteht, sich darauf zu konzentrieren, genau das Gegenteil der Stressreaktion - die Entspannungsreaktion - durch MBSR, Meditation oder Tai Chi, Yoga und Atemübungen auszulösen. All dies senkt den Sauerstoffverbrauch sowie die Herz- und Atemfrequenz, senkt so den Blutdruck und die Stresshormone und trägt dazu bei, eine positivere Lebenseinstellung beizubehalten. Wie die amerikanische Schauspielerin Valerie Bertinelli so treffend sagte: „Glück ist eine Wahl. Sie können wählen, glücklich zu sein. Es wird Stress im Leben geben, aber Sie haben die Wahl, ob Sie sich davon beeinflussen lassen oder nicht. “ In der Tat können und werden Senioren mit Problemen in Bezug auf Einsamkeit, Gesundheit und mögliche kognitive Beeinträchtigungen konfrontiert sein, aber optimistisch zu bleiben ist unerlässlich. Wenn Du diese Tipps zum Stressabbau für Senioren ausprobierst, kannst du deine Chancen auf einen glücklichen und gesunden Ruhestand erhöhen. Genieß' es – du hast es dir verdient! ● Titelbild: unsplash.com Auch du bist im Ruhestand oder stehst kurz davor? Was sind deine Stressfrei-Tipps im Alter, welche Pläne sollen deinen neuen Lebensabschnitt prägen? Kommentiere hier oder diskutiere im Forum. Geschrieben von Marilyn Coates-Lower Ich bin ein freier Geist, der jeden Morgen mit einem Lächeln aufwacht. Mein Leben war ein Abenteuer und obwohl ich nun offiziell in Rente bin, arbeite ich weiterhin als Autor und Korrektor. Ich lebe mit meinem Pferd und meiner Katze in einem atemberaubenden Teil der Bretagne, Frankreich, und genieße den Blick auf die Wälder, die mein Haus umgeben, und über das Tal zum Dorf. Indem ich meine Erfahrungen teile, hoffe ich durch mein schreiben die Menschen zu inspirieren, positiver, fröhlicher und vorausschauender zu werden.
  20. By changing perspective to look at an apparently negative situation in a different way, we can imagine a more positive story – one that's more likely to lead to greater happiness. Ed Gould examines how gaining perspective also offers up a chance to consider others, too. It's part of human nature to think about oneself and to focus on what's going on around us, but this one-dimensional perspective can lead to a false sense of priorities. How do we break out from a parochial view of our lives and start to see things as they really are? By changing perspective, we can gain greater insights and gain deeper happiness. Changing perspective is a healthy exercise if we want to be empathetic, rational and more compassionate. However, changing perspective is not merely about seeing things from the point of view of another. It's just as much about gaining perspective. In other words, our sense of compassion for others need not be the driver for looking for an alternative angle on things. It can help us escape the happiness trap and develop a higher level of understanding, too. In fact, simply seeing things another way is good for us not only because it means getting out of a mental rut, but because of what we might be missing out on. Changing and gaining perspective: a classical illustration The famous Greek philosopher Plato once taught his pupils by coming up with an allegory of a cave. The prisoners in his cave cannot see reality, merely a shadow of it because they are in chains. All they need to gain a higher level of comprehension is to see what is causing the shadows to form – to see things as they really are. In the allegory, this would mean that the cave dwellers would need to break free from their chains. In a sense, altering our perspective on things means breaking free from mental chains. Happy help: change perspective and your mood, too! To extend Plato's metaphor in this manner is fair because a change of perspective takes effort. Most of us are happy enough to keep moving on in our lives the way we always have – especially if we feel a degree of happiness in our current situation. Nevertheless, unless the mental effort is made, we'll never know what lies beyond the cave or what is causing the shadows to fall against its wall. As such, changing and gaining perspective can be seen as the same thing. Changing your perspective: the benefits However, to get a handle on the advantages of a change of perspective, there's no need to go back to ancient Greece. There are plenty of illustrations from more modern times. The author and thinker Benjamin Grant cites just one such example. • JOIN US! Learn more about human connection and psychology • During the Apollo missions, when NASA was working towards putting a man on the moon, the astronaut Bill Anders took one of the most iconic images ever to have been captured by a camera. During the Apollo 8 mission of 1968, the spacecraft orbited the moon several times. As the ship passed by the moon's horizon, he was the first man to see the Earth rise from the moon's perspective. His world famous 'Earthrise' shot, according to Grant, is so iconic because it shows humanity from a different viewpoint. .embed-container { position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden; max-width: 100%; } .embed-container iframe, .embed-container object, .embed-container embed { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; } It should be said that this new perspective is no mere novelty which only looks pretty – although the image is beautiful. The point of view it offers is mind altering. That is its message, its benefit, if you will. The 'Earthrise' photograph captures all of humanity, bar the astronauts on the mission, and shows something that feels so anchored and permanent – our planet – spinning in the lonely vastness of space. “Changing perspective is a healthy exercise if we want to be empathetic, rational and compassionate.” If you think that such an image is mind-altering from Earth, then consider just how many astronauts have returned from space missions with a new perspective on life and humanity. This, Grant says, is the so-called 'overview effect', which is a consequence of space travel. It can cause profound changes in our brains. Grant has harnessed the 'overview effect' in his work. A creator of images, he takes some of the most stunning photographs captured by satellites above Earth and uses them to create pictures that are designed to alter minds back on the planet. A change of perspective: fruit orchards in Huelva, Spain © Benjamin Grant Whether his images are of the tulip fields of the Netherlands, fruit orchards in Spain or refugee camps in northern Kenya, he is exposing us to the truth, but not as we know it. The colours, the scale and the perspective – everything is shot from above, as you would expect – and gives us a view of the world we might know, but also knowingly ignore. His images offer us the chance to gain insights into the fragility of ecosystems, the plight of fellow humans and, yes, to simply marvel at the beauty of the planet. If you're looking for up-sides of gaining a new perspective, then as a way to increase happiness levels, it's right up there. If your focus is on something that you perceive to be negative in your life and you come at it from a different angle, then you can feel better about it. What's more, you might even find that it helps you to perform better as a result. This approach is called reframing and is just one way in which you can derive benefits from gaining new perspectives. Let's look at some more techniques that will allow you to feel more confident, less self-critical and to enjoy more happiness. Perspective and point of view: how to change yours For many, altering perspective means becoming less self-centred and moving to a more compassionate understanding of others and the world around us. By stepping outside of our usual perspectives, it can become possible to frame arguments in ways that motivate others instead of leaving them feeling rejected, for example. Seeing things as 'bad' without taking a fresh view can mean that we get set into a closed loop of negativity. Bright future: change your view and change your life For instance, a relationship breakdown can sometimes lead to negative feelings about one's self-worth. However, a changed perspective might be that becoming single is the start of something new. As a result of reframing your view, you might even gain a higher perspective of yourself, embracing the part of yourself which might not have felt room for self-expression within the relationship. In fact, academics have done plenty of research into the techniques that will allow us to see things in a new light. Here's a look at four of the ways you can change and gain perspective. 1. Reframing your past As previously mentioned, reframing your point of view can lead to tremendously helpful results and renewed chances of happiness. This is particularly effective if you reframe the way in which you see your past. For example, you might say that certain negative outcomes are always bound to happen because of 'the way you are'. You might have been told that you are impulsive or even hot-headed by others and believe this of yourself. “If your focus is on something that you perceive to be negative in your life and you come at it from a different angle, then you can feel better about it.” However, studies have shown that reframing a negative attribute from your past as a positive one can heighten your performance. Try relabelling your so-called impulsive past as creative, for example, and see how the new perspective can impact on your present. 2. A change of perspective: problem solving Expressing ourselves is optimistic – in other words, positive, complimentary and generous – and we will naturally develop higher levels of self-esteem and a healthier self-image. By getting into the habit of being positive, we can deal with criticism and setbacks much better. Not only does this altered perspective mean that we are better set against potential adversity, but our ability to problem-solve also becomes more efficient. In her book, Putting the Positive Thinker to Work, Potter outlines how reframing perspectives can augment levels of commitment, especially at work, and lead to greater persistence with tasks. This, she argues, is the foundation for most success in the workplace. Another viewpoint: change perspective, retell your story 3. Compassion and understanding By gaining new perspectives, we can become more compassionate to others. It's important not to fall back into bad habits of negative thinking, however. A daily ritual of positive affirmation of yourself and those around you can help to keep your understanding of the world fixed in a better perspective than it otherwise might be. • BE INSPIRED! Join our compassion and curious community • Indeed, so-called 'silver lining thinking' will help you to see the good in events and to reframe problems as challenges. If you can consciously interrupt negative thoughts that might pop into your head, then this will help you to remain the compassionate person you want to be. 4. Seeing the bigger picture Finally, seeing the bigger picture means sometimes taking a step back and creating time to gain the sort of perspective you'll need for your happiness and compassion. From an astronaut's point of view, seeing the bigger picture comes from literally taking in a macro view of the world. However, we can do this for ourselves, too. Take time to clear your mind, listen to the wind in the trees and rush a little less. Ask yourself what truly counts in your life and, of course, the benefits of meditation can help you to gain insights into what's most important. By changing your perspective on your life you can change the course of it and find greater joy. ● Main image: Benjamin Grant happiness.com | The fine art of being: learn, practice, share Are you a happiness.com member yet? Sign up for free now to: ■ enjoy our happiness magazine ■ share and support in our happiness forum ■ self-develop with free online Academy classes Gratitude | Work life balance | Quality time Written by Ed Gould Ed Gould is a UK-based journalist and freelance writer. He's also a practitioner of Reiki.
  21. Wie wirken sich finanzielle Nöte auf das Glück aus? Arlo Laibowitz untersucht, wie soziale Kontakte, Religiosität und Vertrauen in die Politik den Menschen helfen, auch in wirtschaftlich schwierigen Zeiten fröhlich zu bleiben. Der Roman A Tale of Two Cities von Charles Dickens beginnt mit einem berühmten Zitat, über das es sich lohnt nachzudenken, wenn man vor wirtschaftlichen Schwierigkeiten steht. „Es war die beste Zeit, es war die schlimmste Zeit. Es war das Zeitalter der Weisheit, es war das Zeitalter der Torheit, es war die Epoche des Glaubens, es war die Epoche des Unglaubens. Es war die Zeit des Lichts, es war die Zeit der Dunkelheit, es war der Frühling der Hoffnung, es war der Winter der Verzweiflung, wir hatten alles vor uns, wir hatten nichts vor uns.“ In dem Buch landet eine der Figuren, Doktor Manette, während der französischen Revolution im Gefängnis. Doktor Manette ist von seiner unfairen Inhaftierung geschwächt und versucht, trotz aller Widrigkeiten bei Verstand zu bleiben. Ein Thema, bei dem Dickens sich lose an seiner Biografie orientierte. Während seiner Jugend versuchte er erfolglos, seinen Vater John aus dem Gefängnis zu holen, als er wegen unbezahlter Schulden verurteilt worden war. Aber was hat das alles mit Glück zu tun? Nun, es gibt immer mehr wissenschaftliche Studien, die die Beziehung zwischen Geld und Glück oder Wohlbefinden untersuchen. Einerseits untersuchen diese Studien die positiven Auswirkungen eines (erhöhten) Einkommens. Zum anderen konzentrieren sie sich auf die Art und Weise, wie wir mit wirtschaftlichen Schwierigkeiten umgehen, um unser Gefühl von Glück und Wohlbefinden zu bewahren. Eine Studie von Reeskens und Vandecasteele ergab, dass es drei Faktoren gibt, die Menschen, die in einer wirtschaftlichen Notlage sind, wie sie es nennen, „abfedern“ können: • Ungezwungene soziale Kontakte • Religiosität • Vertrauen in die Politik Geld und Glück: die Grundlagen In ihrem Artikel diskutieren Reeskens und Vandecasteele zunächst einige der Annahmen, die gemeinhin über Glück und Wohlbefinden getroffen werden. Die Grundlegendste ist, dass mehr Geld uns glücklicher macht. In einer berühmten Studie der Princeton University wurde das Verhältnis zwischen Glück und Einkommen auf eine magische Zahl beziffert: 75.000 USD (65.000 EUR). VERWANDTES THEMA: Glück kann man nicht kaufen (außer du gibst dein Geld für folgende Dinge aus) In dieser Studie gaben Menschen, die weniger als diese Summe verdienen, ein geringeres Glück und ein geringeres emotionales Wohlbefinden an als Menschen, die 75.000 USD oder mehr verdienen. Als ihr Einkommen auf diesen Betrag anstieg, berichteten die Befragten von einer Zunahme ihres Glücksgefühls. Die Studie ergab jedoch auch, dass ein Einkommensanstieg über diesen Wert hinaus nicht dazu führt, dass die Zahl derer zunimmt, die über mehr Glück und Wohlbefinden berichten. Bares für Rares: Manchmal fällt es erstaunlich leicht, auf etwas zu verzichten Bedeutet das also, dass wir alle versuchen sollten 75.000 US-Dollar zu verdienen, um glücklich zu sein? Nein, das bedeutet es nicht. Denn tatsächlich hat eine aktuelle Studie der London School of Economics, Origins of Happiness, gezeigt, dass das meiste menschliche Elend auf gescheiterte Beziehungen und psychische und physische Erkrankungen zurückzuführen ist, nicht auf Geldprobleme und Armut. In der Tat sind soziale und psychologische Faktoren für das Wohlbefinden des Einzelnen wichtiger als das Einkommensniveau. Als leitender Forscher dieser Studie erklärte Lord Richard Layard: "Einen Partner zu haben ist für Sie genauso gut, wie es schlecht für Sie ist, Ihre Arbeit zu verlieren." "Das meiste menschliche Elend lässt sich auf gescheiterte Beziehungen und psychische und physische Erkrankungen zurückzuführen, nicht auf Geldprobleme und Armut." Reeskens und Vandecasteele legten den Fokus ihrer Forschung auf einige dieser sozialen und psychologischen Faktoren. Dafür untersuchten sie, was passiert, wenn Armut und wirtschaftlicher Mangel einen negativen Effekt auf das subjektive Wohlbefinden haben. Auch hier finden wir einige allgemein anerkannte Annahmen. Die grundlegendste ist die, dass sich Armut und wirtschaftliche Benachteiligung negativ auf das subjektive Wohlbefinden auswirken. Es gibt jedoch Studien wie der soziale Einkommensvergleiche in der eigenen Gemeinde, die zeigen, dass einige Menschen bei finanzieller Not stärker betroffen sind als andere. Warum ist das so? Aber Geld ist doch entscheidend. Oder nicht? Springen wir vor zu einigen der Schlussfolgerungen von Reeskens und Vandecasteele: Einkommen ist wichtig. Ihren Erkenntnissen zufolge lassen sich bis zu 45 Prozent unseres Glücksgefühls oder des fehlenden Glücks durch unsere wirtschaftliche Situation erklären. Wirtschaftliche Not verringert unser Wohlbefinden. Die wirtschaftliche Situation besteht jedoch aus mehr Faktoren als nur dem Jahreseinkommen. Weitere wichtige Faktoren sind: • Beschäftigungsverhältnis • Wenn wir auf unsere Ersparnisse zurückgreifen oder Schulden machen müssen, um die normalen Lebenshaltungskosten zu decken • Wenn wir auf Dinge wie Urlaub oder neue Haushaltsgeräte verzichten müssen In einer Glas-halb-voll-halb-leer-Analogie könnte man auch darauf schließen, dass, wenn 45 Prozent unseres Glücksgefühls materiell und wirtschaftlich sind, 55 Prozent dies nicht sind. Bei diesen 55 Prozent spielen drei wichtige immaterielle Faktoren eine Rolle: soziale Kontakte, Religiosität und Vertrauen in die Politik. 1. Soziale Kontakte Was macht zwanglose soziale Kontakte so wichtig? Nach einer Studie von Helliwell und Putnam, Der soziale Kontext des Wohlbefindens, können soziale Interaktionen unter anderem: • Stress reduzieren. • materielle und immaterielle Ressourcen eröffnen. • den Zugang zur Gesundheitsversorgung verbessern. • die soziale Kontrolle aktivieren, um Verhaltensweisen zu unterbinden, die deinem Wohlbefinden schaden könnten. Wie Putnam es ausdrückte: "Ihre Chancen, im Laufe des nächsten Jahres zu sterben, halbieren sich, wenn Sie sich einer Gruppe anschließen, und halbieren sich noch einmal auf ein Viertel, wenn Sie sich zwei Gruppen anschließen." Freundschaften kosten nichts - sind aber so wertvoll wie wenig anderes im Leben! Reeskens und Vandecasteele untersuchten Umfragen aus mehr als 25 europäischen Ländern. Sie konnten anhand der Antworten zeigen, dass ein häufiger Kontakt mit Familie, Freunden und Kollegen die Auswirkung von wirtschaftlichem Mangel auf das Glücksgefühl stark abfedert. Der Unterschied in der Zufriedenheit zwischen Menschen mit höherem Einkommen und Menschen mit wirtschaftlicher Benachteiligung nimmt dramatisch ab, wenn wir uns Menschen mit häufigen sozialen Kontakten ansehen. Mit anderen Worten: Einsame, wohlhabende Menschen sind vergleichsweise glücklicher als einsame, benachteiligte Menschen. Während sozial eingebundene Wohlhabende immer noch glücklicher sind, aber mit einem vergleichsweise geringeren Abstand zu glücklichen sozial eingebundenen, aber finanziell benachteiligten Menschen. "Häufiger Kontakt mit Familie, Freunden und Kollegen federt die Auswirkung von wirtschaftlichem Mangel auf das Glücksgefühl stark ab." Wenn wir in wirtschaftliche Schwierigkeiten geraten, sollten wir versuchen, unser soziales Netzwerk aufrechtzuerhalten, unsere Freunde zu treffen und unsere Familie aufzusuchen. (Auch wenn Untersuchungen gezeigt haben, dass dies möglicherweise in diesen Momenten schwieriger ist, als wenn wir keine finanziellen Sorgen haben). 2. Religiosität Der zweite von Reeskens und Vandecasteele untersuchte Faktor ist die Religiosität. Diese kann ebenfalls die negativen Auswirkungen wirtschaftlicher Not auf unser Gefühl von Glück und Wohlbefinden abfedern. Dabei treten zwei Effekte auf. Zum einen ist es der soziale Aspekt der Religion. Der erste ist der soziale Aspekt der Religion. Die Interaktion mit gleichgesinnten Kirchgängern kann einem Unterstützung, Kameradschaft und ein Zugehörigkeitsgefühl geben, ganz so wie es bei anderen freundschaftlichen Kontakten der Fall ist. Bei der Religion ist dieser Effekt jedoch „turboaufgeladen, wie Lim und Putnam in Religion, Sozialen Netzwerken und Lebenszufriedenheit beschreiben. Aufgeladen, weil der Effekt größer ist als bei normalen (nicht religiösen) Freunden oder der Familie. In ihrer Studie fanden Lim und Putnam außerdem heraus, dass der andere Effekt eine „private Bindung an Gott“ ist, da die Religiosität „einen umfassenden Rahmen für die Interpretation von Weltereignissen“ bietet. Religiöse Menschen haben ein stärkeres Gefühl dafür, dass etwas außerhalb ihres Einflussbereichs die Dinge kontrolliert. Daher ist für sie auch die Annahme wahrscheinlicher, dass ihre wirtschaftliche Not durch etwas Äußeres gemildert wird. "Religiosität kann ebenfalls die negativen Auswirkungen wirtschaftlicher Not auf unser Gefühl von Glück und Wohlbefinden abfedern." Die Ergebnisse der Forschung von Reeskens und Vandecasteele stammen aus Umfrageantworten von 25 europäischen Ländern. Vergleicht man den Einfluss der drei Faktoren auf die negativen Effekte von wirtschaftlicher Not, ist die Religiosität relativ gesehen der kleinste Faktor, um diese abzufedern. Aber es gibt eine messbare, statistisch signifikante Zunahme an Gefühlen des Glücks und Wohlbefindens bei Menschen in finanzieller Not, die in die Kirche gehen, im Vergleich zu denen die nicht in die Kirche gehen. Glaube gibt Halt und verbindet Wie bei Reeskens und Vandecasteele anmerken, könnte dies teilweise durch kulturelle Unterschiede erklärt werden [die Rolle der Religiosität in Europa im Vergleich zu den Vereinigten Staaten zum Beispiel]. In wirtschaftlichen Schwierigkeiten hilft es uns, religiös zu sein oder unsere religiösen Praktiken beizubehalten, um die Auswirkungen einer solchen Situation auf unser Wohlergehen zu lindern. 3. Vertrauen in die Politik Ähnlich wie sich Religiosität auf finanziell Benachteiligte auswirkt, wirkt sich auch die Überzeugung, dass Politiker die eigene Situation verändern und beeinflussen können, positiv auf das Wohlbefinden in wirtschaftlich schwierigen Zeiten aus. Eine Studie von Catterberg und Moreno, The Individual Bass of Political Trust, hat gezeigt, dass Bedürftige im Allgemeinen ein geringeres Maß an Vertrauen in die Politik haben. Aber Reeskens und Vandecasteele stellen heraus, dass diejenigen unter diesen wirtschaftlich Benachteiligten, die das Vertrauen in die Politik bewahren, glücklicher sind als diejenigen, die dies nicht tun. Ihre Forschungsergebnisse stützen diese Behauptung. In den Antworten der europäischen Umfrage waren die Befragten, die Vertrauen in ihre Regierungen hatten, glücklicher als die Befragten, die dieses Vertrauen nicht hatten. Die Unterschiede sind zudem deutlich. Benachteiligte Menschen, die Vertrauen in die Politik haben, sind nur etwas weniger glücklich als ihre wohlhabende Vergleichsgruppe. Nicht an die Politik glaubende Menschen in einer benachteiligten Situation sind jedoch deutlich weniger glücklich als ihre Vergleichsgruppe ohne finanzielle Not. Menschen, die Vertrauen in Politik und Regierung haben, sind angesichts wirtschaftlicher Schwierigkeiten widerstandsfähiger gegenüber den negativen psychologischen Auswirkungen auf Glück und Wohlbefinden als Menschen, die sich von der Politik abgewendet haben. Was also tun - in wirtschaftlich schwierigen Zeiten? Was sagen uns diese Studien? Erstens: Geld kann uns glücklich machen - aber nur bis zu einem gewissen Punkt. Wie wir unser Geld ausgeben, ist der Schlüssel um daraus Glück zu ziehen. In wirtschaftlich schwierigen Zeiten gibt es bestimmte Faktoren, die uns dabei helfen können, die negativen Auswirkungen von Geldnot abzufedern. Die am deutlichsten Messbaren sind soziale Kontakte und das Vertrauen in die Politik. Religiös zu sein hilft auch, aber nicht so stark. Um eine ganz andere Perspektive zu bekommen, können wir auch mit der Prämisse aus dem Buch The How of Happiness der Psychologin Sonja Lyubomirsky beginnen. Darin stützt sie sich auf verschiedenste Forschungsergebnisse und erklärt, wovon unser allgemeines Glücksempfinden abhängt. Demzufolge sind 50 Prozent unseres Glücksniveaus genetisch bedingt [basierend auf Zwillingsstudien], 10 Prozent hängen von den Lebensumständen und -situationen ab und 40 Prozent unterliegen der Selbstkontrolle und Selbstmanipulation. Aus dieser Perspektive betrachtet machen unsere wirtschaftlichen Verhältnisse nur einen Teil der 10 Prozent aus, die unser Glücksniveau beeinflussen. Dazu kommen außerdem noch unsere körperliche Gesundheit, unser Beziehungsstatus, das Sicherheitsgefühl und viele mehr. VERWANDTES THEMA: Glücklich sein. Was heißt das genau? Daher kann es sinnvoll sein, sich in Zeiten wirtschaftlicher Not mehr auf die 40 Prozent der Dinge zu konzentrieren, die wir ändern oder beeinflussen können. Beispielsweise können dies einige der Strategien sein, die Lyubomirsky vorschlägt: Optimismus zu kultivieren, ständiges Grübeln zu beenden und uns in Bewältigungsstrategien zu üben. Und auch wenn es schwerfällt: du kannst versuchen, dir ins Gedächtnis zu rufen was du bereits hast und wofür du dankbar bist, wenn du mit der nächsten Rechnung oder Kreditkartenabrechnung konfrontiert wirst! ● Geschrieben von Arlo Laibowitz Arlo ist Filmemacher, Künstler, Dozent und zeitweiliger Praktiker von Metta-Meditation und Morgenyoga. Wenn er nicht von unmöglichen Projekten träumt und diese auf möglichst unpraktische Weise möglich macht, schreibt er Journals, hört Jazz oder kuschelt mit seiner besseren Hälfte.
  22. Sticking to a regular meditation practice isn't always easy. Dee Marques runs through five ways you can overcome common meditation roadblocks so you can become more consistent in your practice. Do you find it hard to stick to your meditation goals, despite knowing about the many benefits of meditation? That disconnection between knowing and doing is common, so if something is stopping you from sticking to the plan, follow these five strategies to help you develop a regular meditation practice. 1. Confront your fears A clash between thinking and doing sometimes hides a layer of fear. Common fears include self-doubt, fear of finding that meditation practice uncovers a negative self, and fearing that stillness of the mind will lead to stillness of action. All these fears are small acts of self-sabotage, which usually kick in whenever we are trying to go outside our comfort zone. To tackle this, you first need to accept that it’s all in your hands. It’s up to you to rewrite your own narrative, from a self-defeating one to an empowering one. To do this, identify the stories you're telling yourself about your apparent inability to meditate, and create a different story by actually putting it in writing. Set aside 10-15 minutes every day to do this, and don’t underestimate the power of “self-editing” your life narrative. Indeed, studies have shown how effective this is in reversing negative or pessimistic thoughts and inspiring positive actions, so don’t let fears take over. 2. Habit replacement If avoiding meditation has become a habit, you should take steps to replace it with a positive one. To do this, think about how the habit you want to change became ingrained in the first place. You probably took a series of small decisions that reinforced each other and that stuck with you because they provided some sort of benefit. For example, you may procrastinate meditation because you want to have more free time. The key is to build a new habit that offers the same benefits and motivates you to stick with it. What if meditation was your free time? What if meditation helped you manage your time better? Changing habits can help build a better meditation practice Next, find what triggers the bad habit. Do you postpone meditation when you get distracted by your phone, the TV, or other activities that are associated with free time? Write down each trigger and find a positive action to replace each one of them with. Habit replacement takes time and multiple tries, so be prepared to learn from failure. 3. Parts integration If you know the benefits of meditation but can’t get around to practice consistently, there may be a conflict of interest between your motivation and parts of your conscious or sub-conscious mind. This type of conflict takes time to uncover, but you can make the process easier by using a neuro-linguistic programming (NLP) technique known as 'parts integration', the objective of which is to help you find greater coherence between thoughts, values and actions. RELATED: Gratitude meditation: the top 5 benefits and how to practise it The principles of parts integration are similar to those used in therapies that aim to bring unity between different parts of the self, such as Gestalt, client-centered therapy, psychosynthesis, and analytical psychology. All these strategies can help resolve internal conflict by making us pay close attention to different parts of our conscious and sub-conscious selves. As conflict subsides, focus and motivation get stronger and you'll be able to achieve your meditation goals. Determine the conflicting parts in the behaviour you want to change (e.g. knowing it would be good to meditate is “the good part” and not doing it is “the bad part”). “Identify the stories you're telling yourself about your apparent inability to develop a meditation practice and create a different story by putting it in writing.” With your palms facing up, picture each part resting on each palm. Ask each part what their final intention is, and keep asking the question until you come across a positive intention. For example, “the bad part” may want you to be productive and achieve lots of things during the day. As you bring your hands together, imagine the parts’ intentions helping each other achieve your ultimate goal. Make sure you have a clear image of what this would look like. Picture this new image of a successful you taking over other parts of your body. Establish steps that will help you support the good intentions of the integrated parts. 4. Moving meditation Another common thing that gets in the way of regular meditation is feeling that this isn’t really for you. This is particularly common if you're a very energetic person who has trouble sitting still for more than a few minutes at the time, or if you get bored easily. When thinking about a meditation session, the first thing that usually comes to mind is someone sitting in the lotus position. But you don’t have to feel confined to this position as you can experiment with alternatives like walking, standing, or other forms of moving meditation. For example, you may want to try Qigong, a type of moving meditation that can help still your mind without sitting. There are dozens of Qigong movements, but you can get started with the exercise known as “Separating Heaven and Earth”. Move and meditate: your practice can be non-static Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart and with your arms to the sides. Take a deep breath while you cross your arms over your chest. Exhale slowly and at the same time lift one arm while you lower the other (keep your arms slightly bent as you do this). Repeat while you alternate which arms goes up and down, for as long as you want your meditation session to last. RELATED: Personal meditation – 7 factors to consider when choosing a style If you're concerned that moving meditation may not be as effective as sitting meditation, you needn’t worry. In several studies, Qigong practitioners reported feeling lower anxiety and stress levels, just as you would expect from other forms of meditation. Moreover, some researchers suggest that the physical exercise involved in Qigong can reduce bone loss rate and could lead to lower blood pressure too. 5. Share accountability It's true that there’s strength in numbers, and you’re not alone in your struggle, since nobody becomes an expert meditator without confronting fears and bad habits. If you don’t feel strong enough to address these issues, finding someone who's in a similar situation can help if you both agree to hold each other accountable and keep unrealistic expectations in check. Accountability partnerships work by adding an extra layer of responsibility, motivation, mutual support, and creative brainstorming, which all work together to improve goal achievement. With time and practice, you can become your own accountability partner, or help others overcome obstacles to meditation. One last thought to take away with you is: “whatever problem you face setting up a regular meditation practice, you can learn from it and thrive.” ● Main image: Colourbox.com Written by Dee Marques A social sciences graduate with a keen interest in languages, communication, and personal development strategies. Dee loves exercising, being out in nature, and discovering warm and sunny places where she can escape the winter.
  23. From kundalini to loving-kindness, meditation styles can be very personal. Ed Gould looks at seven factors such as duration, location and frequency of meditation, which may affect your personal practice, to help you choose the right meditation type for you. Discovering a personal meditation style might take a while, but the benefits are definitely worth it. Indeed, developing one's personal meditation style rarely comes immediately. Even Buddha, by all accounts a naturally gifted meditator, needed time to develop his technique. In this article, we'll discuss what influences there are on our meditation practice. We'll also discuss what techniques we can use to enhance individual practices while diminishing those things which detract us. Remember that meditation is a transformative practice – one that affects our brains and consciousness – and it's best to view it as a process rather than a goal in its own right. At its best, the benefits of meditation can be seen in areas such as concentration, finding clarity and improving emotional well-being. Therefore, finding the meditative route that suits you best is generally quite rewarding. To begin with, let's examine the things that influence our abilities when developing our own personal meditation style. Factors that influence personal meditation styles Most of us, if we're honest about it, have plenty of things that influence our personal meditation style. Bear in mind that these can carry both positive and negative influences. Few of us have lives which allow us, for example, to get into a meditative state at the drop of a hat. Each of these fields of influence makes us the sort of practitioner that we are. Fresh and free: perhaps meditation in nature is your preferred style? When you're seeking a meditation style that will suit your development, lifestyle and personality best, then it's likely you will need to experiment a little. When doing so, try not to think of there being either a right or a wrong way of doing things. What you should remember, however, is that influences have an impact on you and they will ultimately affect your chosen approach to meditation. 1. Types of meditation There are many different meditation styles which you might choose to practise. And although experts may recommend one method over another, you'll find one or more that can work particularly well for your process. Conversely, certain meditative styles may not suit you or, more correctly, suit your personal approach to meditation. Many times, beginners start with guided meditation, usually based on a visual narrative. RELATED: Meditation for beginners: our Top 6 videos Kundalini and heart-rhythm meditation are both popular styles. Zazen meditation is also quite common – a Zen approach which is self-guided. A high-level form of meditation known as transcendental meditation is also popular. Each style will have an impact on how you go about meditation and it's quite common to experiment with differing approaches. 2. Length of meditation time According to Hooria Jazaieri, a researcher, teacher and psychotherapist at UC Berkeley, the length of time you meditate will impact on how successful it will be for the individual. She asserts that 10-15 minutes of mindfulness and compassion-based meditation is the right length of time for her style. Research published into how long it took smokers to reduce their intake following meditation sessions found that a mere five hours' worth over a two-week period was enough in the majority of cases. “When you're seeking a meditation style that will suit your development, lifestyle and personality best, then it's likely you will need to experiment a little.” Y.Y. Tang, et al. showed that even brief meditation training improved their group's capacity for self-control and lessened their smoking. If you're still unsure as to whether the time you spend meditating has an impact, then consider another study first published in the Journal of Psychiatry Research. The study claims that the density of brain matter in areas associated with memory, stress and empathy can increase following regular 30-minute meditation sessions. 3. Frequency of meditation Of course, you should also take into account the length of time you meditate for in the context of how frequently you do it. For some, 10 minutes a day is enough and it becomes part of a personal, daily routine. Perhaps longer periods are required if you're less frequent with your sessions. In fact, there are studies to back this simple idea up. They show that the sample groups that get the most out of meditation are the ones who do it most frequently. A notable example of this sort of research into frequency is one published in the Journal of Positive Psychology following work conducted at Stanford University. Power of one: some people prefer solo meditation, others group 4. Qualitative considerations Not all meditation sessions can be described as great successes. Sometimes the quality of the meditation session we have gone through can be stunning and sometimes less so. Usually, there's an outside influence on us which has an impact on the quality of the meditation. You can become distracted by noise or visual stimuli. Perhaps you started to meditate too soon after being busy with something else. It's also possible you so desired a successful meditation that you couldn't clear your mind as you would have liked. “Being in a place that you're comfortable in and that's distraction free is an obvious choice for developing your personal meditation style.” As creatures of habit, humans like to repeat what they've deemed to be 'successful'. But the truth is that it's not always possible to do this with meditation. Acceptance of the 'outcome' of a meditation session is a big part of whether it has been successful or not. Furthermore, no single meditation session should come into judgement based on its own merits. Each one progresses to the next and builds on the previous. So over-scrutiny of qualitative factors may be a detrimental consideration on its own. 5. Meditation settings Being in a place that you're comfortable in and that's distraction-free is an obvious choice for developing your personal meditation style. The ability to cut out 'mental noise' is often very conducive to meditation. However, you should also consider that busy places can also be fine for meditatively-minded people. In fact, meditation in schools – not places you might traditionally associate with calmness – has had good results. Try multiple settings to find which place suits your preferred personal meditation style. Remember that a setting is not necessarily a physical location, such as being at home. It might relate to other factors, like the presence of others. Another consideration would be to have a dedicated spot or a useful place which also serves other purposes. 6. Reflection and feedback Reflection is the key to understanding your own style. It's perhaps unrealistic to immediately know what has made a difference to your meditation right after completing a session. Therefore, keeping a journal of your reflections about your meditation sessions can be invaluable. Perhaps you feel the same after a session as you did before, but cannot say why. Journaling is the ideal method to use in order to work out what similarities of technique, setting and qualitative considerations there are in common between meditations. Write it out: journaling your meditation has benefits Unlike journaling, modern neurofeedback devices provide actual quantitative measurements of brain activity during meditation, and this can be very telling if you're looking for some hard data to work with. According to Tracy Brandmeyer of the Centre for Brain Research and Cognition at Paul Sabatier University in Toulouse, neurofeedback is an aid to meditation which offers the opportunity to use mobile technology in ways that assist all sorts of people. RELATED: Gratitude meditation: the top 5 benefits and how to practise it If you meditate in a group or with a mentor, feedback sessions are also a beneficial option. Members of the group or your mentors can discuss what influences your meditation has. They can also help clarify what may work better for you and what might not. 7. Self-optimization and mindfulness Making meditation a kind of target to be achieved runs contrary to many of the principles it's supposed to engender when practised. Indeed, developing a personal meditation style as a self-optimization goal is the very opposite of self-compassion. As such, striving for it can be counter productive. On the other hand, if you develop your own style along the way to a wider set of meditative purposes, then you may find more success. Focussing on short-term aspirations about your personal meditation style can also have adverse outcomes. If you have a fragile mental state or are suffering from trauma, then being overly determined to develop your own style may not be the correct path to take. Research conducted by Willoughby Britton at Brown University has already indicated that meditation can have a negative effect on certain people. Remain mindful of what the purpose of meditation is and remember that it's a progression, not an ambition. Personal meditation types: conclusions No two people are the same, so no two approaches to meditation will yield the same results. For many people, reflecting on the way they're going about meditating by journaling is beneficial, as is trying new approaches that will help to find a suitably accessible style. Consider all of the options available to you and don't be put off experimenting a little with your chosen personal meditation practice! ● Main photo: Colorbox.com Enjoyed this and want to discuss meditation styles with other happiness.com members? Head over to our forum on mindfulness and mediation and join in with the conversation... Written by Ed Gould Ed Gould is a UK-based journalist and freelance writer. He's a practitioner of Reiki.
  24. I totally get your point and I used to think like this . However , when you realize that everything is within us , its so easy to really feel that love for anyone in this world irrespective of how that person treat us. We love differently depending on how much we receive from that person but Is that really Love? The feeling of Love is total acceptance and not trying to fulfill any need from that person. The only difference I think is true is the way we express love towards different people. To some , I express my love through Silence because that's how I can respect his/her space to its fullest. We just need to discover that all the Love is there , Its not something we create, Its just hidden in our experience. Our hearts get broken because we are fulfilling some of our needs through that person , Else we will just let that person go and still love that person unconditionally. The whole idea of Mindfulness to reach to that state. Like we know - The whole Universe is there but we dont know in our experience what almost 99% of the Universe is made of.
  25. Barcelona has a vibrant yoga community with hundreds of studios to choose from. So, which are the best? Here are eight that we rate. By Calvin Holbrook. Looking for a cool space to do the Cobra or the perfect place to do the Plank? The Catalan capital has so many yoga studios and classes it can be hard to know where to start. So, here – in no particular order – are our pick of some of the best yoga studios in Barcelona. Not a Spanish speaker? No problem. Many of these schools and studios offer some yoga classes in English. Namasté! 1. Yoga Studio Barcelona One of Barcelona’s oldest and most-established studios, Yoga Studio Barcelona is found in the heart of the city at Plaza Universidad. It’s great for busy working people, as it offers one of the best and fullest yoga schedules during the week, with classes going up until 22:00pm. Yoga Studio Barcelona also regularly organise courses and workshops, in everything from beginner’s yoga to Kundalini. Additionally, for those with a real desire to progress with yoga, Yoga Studio Barcelona offer teaching training courses. Yoga Studio Barcelona, Plaza Universidad 4 2. The Garage by Verónica Blume One of Barcelona’s most beautiful yoga studios, The Garage by Verónica Blume is housed in a converted warehouse in the peaceful foothills of Poble Sec. The project of model-slash-actress Véronica Blume – who also teaches – the studio is naturally stylish, with exposed brick, pastels and parquet flooring. The classes on offer include ashtanga, vinyasa and yin yoga, but The Garage also regularly organise specialised short courses and events. Luckily, there are many classes and events that are also explicitly taught in English. A calm and beautiful space in which to exercise, The Garage is definitely one of Barcelona’s best (and most beautiful!) yoga studios. The Garage by Verónica Blume, c/ de Magalhães, 2 3. Espai Yoga Barcelona If the mantras and breathing exercises involved in Kundalini yoga are your preference, one of the best yoga studios in the Catalan capital for Kundalini is Espai Yoga Barcelona. Kundalini Yoga classes at Espai Yoga Barcelona aim to provide you with stress relief, relaxation, and help you to achieve a greater sense of well-being. They also offer yoga training for families. Espai Yoga Barcelona, c/ Provença 196 4. Yoga Bindu Like flexibility in your schedule as well as your body? Then Yoga Bindu in Barcelona is a great option. This studio offers an extensive weekly schedule, with classes including many different styles of yoga: Ashtanga, Acroyoga, Hatha Vinyasa, Yin Yang flow, Nidra and Yin. Also Pilates and meditation. Prices start from €8 for drop-ins, or you can buy discounted 10-pass packs, which you can use across all the different styles. The studios at Yoga Bindu have plenty of natural light, plus there are decent changing rooms, showers, a therapy room, and a café. Yoga Bindu also give teacher training in Barcelona for new teachers. Yoga Bindu, c/ Arco de Santa Eulalia, 1 5. Bikram Yoga Barcelona The only Bikram yoga studio in Barcelona officially certified by style-founder Bikram Choudhury himself, Bikram Yoga Barcelona is clearly the best choice in the city for those who like to sweat during their asana. Each Bikram yoga session is done over 90 minutes, and takes in 26 postures and two breathing exercises. It’s practised in a room with a temperature of 40-42ºC. Bikram Yoga Barcelona has two studio centres in the city and sessions take place in large, modern rooms with underfloor heating. Both centres boast spacious locker rooms and showers.The best news? If you’re a resident of Barcelona, Bikram Yoga offers a 10-day Bikram yoga pass for €25, where you can try as many classes as possible. Bikram Yoga Barcelona, c/ Pau Claris 97 pral and c/ de la Caravel·la la Niña, 18 6. Yogaia Barcelona What makes Yogaia one of the best places for yoga in Barcelona? As well as its two very bright practice rooms that look out to a gorgeous interior garden patio, Yogaia Bacelona is a social studio with a great entrance area where you can take a snack or tea. It also has a fantastic yoga-related shop attached, full of clothing and books and more. Yogaia Barcelona offer a wide range of yoga sessions for all levels, from beginners right through to advanced. When it comes to prices, this centre offers flexible ways to pay for your yoga sessions: there are drop-in prices, 10- and 20-class packs, as well as unlimited one, three, six and 12-month options, too. Yogaia Barcelona, Passieg de San Juan 121 7. La Shala Located right in the heart of Barcelona, La Shala is more than just a yoga studio; it's a space to share, to experience, explore, and work on personal development together. You practice in a large, 70 m2 room with lots of natural light. The schedule at La Shala is vibrant, offering various kinds of yoga and other activities every day of the week. Indeed, what makes La Shala one of the best studios in Barcelona are its events outside of the regular schedule including weekend yoga events and live concerts. La Shala also offer free tea and water before and during each class and every teacher manages their prices differently, meaning this studio has more of a co-operative, community feeling, which makes it special. La Shala, Plaza Ramon Berenguer 2 8. Glow If you can’t speak Spanish, Glow might be one of your best yoga options while in Barcelona. That’s because all of its classes are taught in English! Hidden away in a secret garden passage in the heart of El Borne, Glow offers a myriad of yoga classes and styles to calm the mind, exercise the body, and nourish the soul. The studio at Glow is large, with lots of natural light, and there are 30 weekly yoga classes to choose from, a great variety of teachers and many flexible pricing options. Get ready to glow! ● Glow, c/ Volta de la Perdiu 2 Have you tried any of these yoga studios in Barcelona? Which one did you enjoy the best? Let the happiness.com community know below. Liked this article? You may also enjoy: What I learned from my first time at Barcelona Yoga Conference Written by Calvin Holbrook Calvin edits the happiness.com magazine, as well being an artist and travel lover. He also loves hiking, nature, swimming, yoga, sweaty dancing, and all things vintage!
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